Sensory Perception of Food and Insulin-Like Signals Influence Seizure Susceptibility 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Sensory Perception of Food and Insulin-Like Signals Influence Seizure Susceptibility 英文参考文献.doc

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Sensory Perception of Food and Insulin-Like Signals Influence Seizure Susceptibility 英文参考文献

SensoryPerceptionofFoodandInsulin-LikeSignals InfluenceSeizureSusceptibility ToddR.Gruninger,DaisyG.Gualberto,L.ReneGarcia* DepartmentofBiology,TexasAMUniversity,CollegeStation,Texas,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Fooddeprivation is knownto affect physiology andbehavior. Changes that occur couldbe the result of theorganism’s monitoringofinternalandexternalnutrientavailability.InC.elegans,malematingisdependentonfoodavailability;food- deprivedmalesmatewithlowerefficiencycomparedtotheirwell-fedcounterparts,suggestingthatthematingcircuitis repressed in low-food environments. This behavioral response could be mediated by sensory neurons exposed to the environment or by internal metabolic cues. We demonstrated that food-deprivation negatively regulates sex-muscle excitability through the activity of chemosensory neurons and insulin-like signaling. Specifically, we found that the repressiveeffectsoffooddeprivationonthematingcircuitcanbepartiallyblockedbyplacingmalesoninediblefood,E.coli thatcanbesensedbutnoteaten.WedeterminedthattheolfactoryAWCneuronsactivelysuppresssex-muscleexcitability inresponsetofooddeprivation.Inaddition,wedemonstratedthatlossofinsulin-likereceptor(DAF-2)signalinginthesex musclesblockstheabilityoffooddeprivationtosuppressthematingcircuit.Duringlow-foodconditions,weproposethat increasedactivitybyspecificolfactoryneurons(AWCs)leadstothereleaseofneuroendocrinesignals,includinginsulin-like ligands. Insulin-like receptor signaling in the sex muscles then reduces cell excitability via activation of downstream molecules,includingPLC-candCaMKII. Citation:GruningerTR,GualbertoDG,GarciaLR(2008)SensoryPerceptionofFoodandInsulin-LikeSignalsInfluenceSeizureSusceptibility.PLoSGenet4(7): e1000117.doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000117 Editor:StuartK.Kim,StanfordUniversityMedicalCenter,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedMarch25,2008;AcceptedJune4,2008;PublishedJuly4,2008 Copyright: ? 2008 Gruninger et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Crea