Value of anti-infective chemoprophylaxis in primary systemic vasculitis what is the evidence 英文参考文献.docVIP

Available online /content/11/5/253 Review Value of anti-infective chemoprophylaxis in primary systemic vasculitis: what is the evidence? Frank Moosig, Julia U Holle and Wolfgang L Gross Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Schleswig Holstein and Klinikum Bad Bramstedt, Oskar Alexander Str. 26, 24576 Bad Bramstedt, Germany Corresponding author: Frank Moosig, moosig@klinikumbb.de Published: 28 October 2009 Arthritis Research Therapy 2009, 11:253 (doi:10.1186/ar2826) This article is online at /content/11/5/253 ? 2009 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract patient number and availability of at least some data on infectious complications (Table 1). Regarding AIP, these data still have to be interpreted with caution: infection rates are documented and published with varying degrees of accuracy depending on the design of the studies. Mild and moderate infections - that is, those not requiring hospitalisation - appear to be underestimated, whereas it can be assumed that deaths due to infections are reported thoroughly. Although infections are a major concern in patients with primary systemic vasculitis, actual knowledge about risk factors and evidence concerning the use of anti-infective prophylaxis from clinical trials are scarce. The use of high dose glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide pose a definite risk for infections. Bacterial infections are among the most frequent causes of death, with Staphylococcus Concerning viral infections, cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus reactivation represent the most frequent complications. The aureus being the most common isolate. only trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole pneumonia in small vessel vasculitis patients with generalised disease receiving therapy for induction of remission. prophylactic measure that is widely accepted is to avoid Pneumocystis jiroveci Furthermore, there are great vari