英国歇息力老化.docVIP

英国劳动力老化，有利有弊。 Older workers年长工人 Sticking around坚持到底 The recession has sped up the ageing of Britain’s workforce 经济衰退加速了英国劳动力的老化 A RECENT BBC documentary, “The Town That Never Retired”, sought to show the effects of increasing the state pension age by putting retirees back to work. Although the results were entertaining, they need not have bothered. Away from the cameras, unprecedented numbers of older people are staying in work. Since the start of the recession that began in 2008, the number of 16- to 24-year-olds in work has fallen by 597,000. Over the same period the number of workers over the age of 65 has increased by 240,000 (see chart). BBC（英国广播公司）最近的 一部纪录片，“永不退休的城镇”，试图展现将退休人员拉回工作而增加领取国家退休金的年龄的影响。虽然其结果是令人愉快的，退休人员不再使人烦恼。镜头之 外，仍在工作的年长者们的数目空前巨大。自始于2008的经济萧条以来，16至24周岁的工作者们的数量下降了59,7000。同一时期，65周岁以上的 工作者数量增加了24,0000（见图表）。 The greying of the British workforce dates back to around 2001, since when the proportion of older people working has nearly doubled. But it has accelerated since the start of the recession. There are several reasons why. Happily, people are living longer and healthier lives, which makes staying in work less daunting than it was. Less happily, low interest rates, a stagnant stock market and the end of many defined-benefit pension schemes (where employees are guaranteed a payout linked to earnings and service) make it a financial necessity. And changing attitudes, spurred by rules against age discrimination, are making it easier than ever. 英 国劳动力的老化得追溯到2001年，自那时起，年长工作者的比例已经几近加倍。但是从大萧条时期开始加速。于此，有以下几点原因。首先，幸运的是，人们过 着更长寿、更健康的生活，这使得继续工作不再像以前那样让人感到气馁。不幸的是，低的息率、萧条的股票市场及很多固定福利退休金计划的终结（在该计划中， 从业者根据自己的收入及服务可得到一笔津贴）使之成为财政上的必然。而且在反年龄歧视规则的驱动下，人们态度慢慢改变，这也使之较以往更容易。 Most older workers are simply hanging on at the office: 63% of workers over state pension age (currently 65 for men and a little over 61 for women) have been with their employer for more than ten years. Over two-thirds of them work part-time, mostly doing jobs that they once performed ful