shen初中英语句子种类和复合句.docVIP

初中英语语法之句子的种类 英语中的句子按其使用目的，句子可分为：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、和感叹句。 按语法结构，句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 下面简单地用例子展示一下这几类句子： 陈述句：This is a dog. 疑问句：Is this a dog? 祈使句：Open your eyes! 感叹句：What a beautiful building it is! 简单句：I am studying. 并列句：I was born in a small village and I lived there for nearly ten years. 复合句：As soon as I get there, I’ll call you. 各种句子的解析： 一．陈述句 凡是说明一件事情，提出一个看法，或者是表达一种心情的句子都是陈述句。大多数的句子都是陈述句，陈述句可以用肯定式和否定式。陈述句句末用句号“.”，通常用降调。 1.含有 be 动词的肯定句和否定句。 句型结构：主语+be动词+... 否定 主语+be动词+not+... I am a student. 否定 I am not a student. They were at home yesterday. 否定 They weren’t at home yesterday. I was good at English. 否定 I wasn’t good at English. 进行时和被动语态都有be 动词，它们的否定句同样在be动词后面加“not”。 They are cleaning the room. 否定 They aren’t cleaning the room. The child was looked after by somebody. 否定 The child was not looked after by anybody.注注：将来时（will，shall）、完成时及情态动词的被动语态的否定句不能对be动词进行否定。 They will be punished because of this thing.否定 They will not be punished because of this thing. Tom has been told to work hard. 否定 Tom hasn’t be told to work hard. He can be kicked off . 否定 He can’t be kicked off. 2. 含有情态动词的肯定句和否定句。 句型：主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形+... 否定 主语 +情态动词 + not动词原形+... I can do it by myself. 否定 I can’t do it by myself. 一般过去时：I could do it by myself. 否定 I couldn’t do it by myself. You must take the books out. 否定 You mustn’t take the books out. Mary should talk back to her pen pal. 否定 Mary shouldn’t talk back to her pen pal. 3. 含有一般行为动词的肯定句和否定句 一般现在时句型结构：主语 + 动词原形或三单形式 + ... 否定 主语 + don’t /doesn’t +动词原形+... I go shopping every three days. 否定 I don’t go shopping every three days. He does his homework every day. 否定 He doesn’t do his homework every day. 一般过去时句型结构：主语 + 动词的过去式形式 + ... 否定 主语 + didn’t +动词原形+... They used to live in Shanghai. 否定 They didn’t use to live in Shanghai. They had the class-meeting yes