翻译collocation range.ppt

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翻译collocation range

Collocational range and collocational markedness What is the range? Every word in a language can be said to have a range of items with which it is compatible, to a greater or lesser degree. Range here refers to the set of collocates, that is other words, which are typically associated with the word in question. Eg. Limited : Shrug-----shoulders 耸肩 Broad :Run ------company, business, car, nose, stocking, course, river, colour, and so on. 跑,奔跑,经营,管理,提供,开设,操作,运转,液体流动,掉色,褪色,变成,成为,脱丝,抽丝,等等。 Two main factors that influence the collocational range of an item: First: its level of specificity: the more general a world is, the broader its collocational range; the more specific it is, the more restricted its collocational range. Second: the number of its sense Eg. Run—manage collocates with company, business Run----operate/provide collocates with service, course Range is not fixed There is no such thing as an impossible collocation. New and unusual combinations of words occur frequently and we do not necessarily dismiss them as unacceptable. The reason for this is that collocational ranges are not fixed. Words attract new collocates all the time; they do so naturally, through processes of analogy, or because speakers create unusual collocations on purpose. In wording his/her message, a speaker or writer has two broad options: 1. she/he can reinforce the patterns of collocation which already exist in the language by adhering to them: 2. she/he can create variations on an existing pattern by extending the range of an item. Marked collocations A marked collocation is an unusual combination of words. Marked collocations are often used in fiction, poetry, humor, and advertisements because they can create unusual images, produce laughter and catch the reader’s attention. Eg. Could real peace break out after all? War breaks out. Peace prevails. Conclusion we create new colloc

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