如何避免飞机重着陆（How to avoid a heavy landing）.doc

如何避免飞机重着陆（How to avoid a heavy landing） Landing is a conventional concept in the flight, which means that the plane landing ground, feeling like a brick hit on the runway, ass have significant impact. A heavy landing would not cause more casualties but would damage the aircrafts body, landing gear and other structures. According to statistics, the heavy landing accounted for 22 percent of the landing unsafe incidents. Of the 385 accidents that occurred worldwide between 1993 and 2002, two aircraft were damaged, 47 were badly damaged, and 11 were slightly damaged due to a heavy landing. So what exactly is a heavy landing? What causes it? How to avoid it? Judge the criteria for a heavy landing According to popular flying habits, pilots usually have a normal landing, a solid landing, and a heavy landing. These categories do not have clear boundaries and uniform standards, which are related to the pilots subjective judgment and personal feelings, experience, and background. In order to measure the light and heavy of landing load, the aviation industry to introduce the concept of vertical acceleration, special measuring equipment has been installed on the plane, by measuring the vertical acceleration value to judge the quality of the land. Both airbus and Boeing have issued thresholds for vertical acceleration. Airbus aircraft maintenance manual (AMM) suggested that when the flight crew reported heavy landing, and digital flight data recorder (DFDR) or equivalent data monitor displaying ground vertical speed, more than 10 feet per second than based on a certain type or vertical acceleration and landing weight of a particular value, should be heavy landing tests. For example, for the airbus a340-300, for example, the weight of a plane is less than the maximum landing weight, and the threshold value of the vertical acceleration is 1.75 grams. The vertical acceleration threshold in Boeing AMM ranges from 1.80 g of the Boeing 747 to 2.20 g for the Boeing 737 model. Experienc