DETERMINING TOTAL DYNAMIC HEAD （总动压头确定）.pdf

DETERMINING TOTAL DYNAMIC HEAD The total dynamic head of a water system must be considered when determining the size of pumping equipment to be installed. It determines the various head losses that the pump must overcome. Total dynamic head = elevation head + friction head loss + pressure head. A. Elevation head - is the vertical distance which the water must be pumped. It is the elevation difference in feet between the pumping level in the well and the pressure tank. B. Friction head loss is the loss of pressure due to the flow of water through pipe and fittings. Determine diameter, length, and type of pipe material through which the water flows from the well to the pressure tank. Using the pump flow rate as determined from the Residential Unit Method or Fixture Method, refer to Table I (Friction Loss Charts) and Table 2 (Resistance of Valves and Fittings to Flow of Fluids) to determine friction head loss due to pipe and fittings. Friction loss can be overcome by using a larger pipe size or changing piping materials. (Note: In small water systems with few fittings, the head loss due to the fittings may he disregarded.) C. Pressure head - is the maximum operating pressure of the water system converted from pressure (psi) to feet of head. If the pressure switch setting is 30-50 psi, then the maximum pressure is 50 psi. Convert psi to feet of head using the following conversion: 1psi = 2.31 feet of head. Therefore, pressure head equals maximum operating pressure x 2.31 feet. D. Other head losses to be considered: Water softener ………………………. 10 psi x 2.31 = head in feet Iron filter ……………………………... 20 psi x 2.31 = head in feet Hot water heater …………………….. 2 psi x 2.31 = head in feet