北京市儿童青少年身体形态及BMI变化趋势研究.doc

北京市儿童青少年身体形态及BMI变化趋势研究【摘要】 目的 了解北京市儿童青少年生长发育状况及变化趋势，为制定相应的营养与健康改善政策和措施提供依据。方法 按照多阶段分层整群抽样的原则，抽取北京市7 518户家庭0～25岁儿童青少年8 073名，进行身高、体重等项目测量。结果 北京市儿童青少年身高第2次突增开始年龄女孩为9岁、男孩为11岁；体重第2次突增开始年龄男、女孩均为7岁；体重指数(BMI)增长最快的年龄女孩为7～12岁和22～24岁，男孩为11，17，22岁。7～17岁各性别年龄组儿童青少年平均身高与1995年相比，城市变化不大，郊区增加明显；平均体重城、乡均明显增加；身高、体重、BMI城乡差异不明显。结论 北京市儿童青少年生长发育水平居于历史最高水平，但存在体重增长过快等隐患。 【关键词】 体型；身高；体重；对比研究；青少年 【中图分类号】 R 179 R 339.3?+5 R 195.2 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000－9817(2007)05－0435－03 Tendency of Morphological Status and BMI Among Children and Adolescents in Beijing/ DUAN Jia?li, LIU Zheng, JIAO Shu?fang, et al. Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing(100013), China 【Abstract】 Objective To understand the health condition and tendency of children in Beijing, and to provide evidence for government policy?making progress in nutrition promotion and health improvement. Methods By using stratified multi?stage sampling, 8 073 children and adolescents aged 0-25 were selected from 7 518 households. Their body height and weight were measured. Results The second uprush growth of height began at 9 for girls and at 11 for boys. The second uprush growth of weight began at 7 for both boys and girls. The fastest?growing time of BMI for girls was during 7-12 and 22-24，and it was at 11, 17 and 22 for boys. For the group of 7-17 years old, compare with the data in 1995, there was no obvious difference in average height in urban area whereas clear growth was found in rural.Average weight increased both in rural and urban areas significantly.No obvious diversity was found between rural and urban in height,weight and BMI. Conclusion The health status of Beijing children and youth is at its best in history, although risk such as over?weight still exists. 【Key words】 Somatotypes;Body height;Body weight;Comparative study;Adolescent 近年来，我国正处于经济飞速发展的重要阶段。经济发展一方面为消除营养缺乏提供了经济基础；另一方面也带来了人们生活方式、膳食模式的改变，从而导致了疾病谱的变化。肥胖等营养性疾病及其引发的慢性病已成为影响居民健康的重要问题。身高、体重、体重指数(BMI)水平不仅被用于评价一个地区儿童青少年生长发育水平，同时也是评价