effects of paper-mill sludge as a mulch versus topsoil incorporation on potassium uptake and the grain yield of rain-fed wheat in a high specific surface loess soil with illite dominance in clay fraction英文论文.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Applied and Environmental Soil Science Volume 2012, Article ID 624824, 10 pages doi:10.1155/2012/624824 Research Article Effects of Paper-Mill Sludge as a Mulch versus Topsoil Incorporation on Potassium Uptake and the Grain Yield of Rain-Fed Wheat in a High Specific Surface Loess Soil with Illite Dominance in Clay Fraction S. Amini,1 S. A. R. Movahedi Naeini,2 and K. Mashayekhi3 1 Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49189-43464, Iran 2 Soil Science Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49189-43464, Iran 3 Horticulture and Landscape Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49189-43464, Iran Correspondence should be addressed to S. A. R. Movahedi Naeini, salirezam@ Received 14 June 2011; Accepted 15 September 2011 Academic Editor: Giuseppe Corti Copyright © 2012 S. Amini et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. A field experiment with rain-fed winter wheat investigated the nutritional aspects of paper-mill sludge as a mulch and incorporated into the topsoil. Treatments with chemical fertilizers were also used as controls. Paper-mill sludge used as mulch with high rate (100 MG ha−1) and also the combined N and K mineral fertilizer treatments increased yield when a low potassium otherwise caused potassium deficiency in wheat with high specific surface soil. High soil Ca : K molar ratio by incorporation lowered potassium uptake and yield, with visual symptoms of potassium deficiency. A very high Gapon selectivity coefficient (KG ) for K exchange