the continuing evolution of hiv-1 therapy identification and development of novel antiretroviral agents targeting viral and cellular targetshiv - 1治疗的不断演变,识别和开发新的抗逆转录病毒药物针对病毒和细胞的目标.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Molecular Biology International Volume 2012, Article ID 401965, 17 pages doi:10.1155/2012/401965 Review Article The Continuing Evolution of HIV-1 Therapy: Identification and Development of Novel Antiretroviral Agents Targeting Viral and Cellular Targets Tracy L. Hartman and Robert W. Buckheit Jr. Anti-Infective Research Department, ImQuest BioSciences, Inc., 7340 Executive Way, Suite R, Frederick, MD 21704, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Robert W. Buckheit Jr., rbuckheit@ Received 9 January 2012; Revised 24 April 2012; Accepted 11 May 2012 Academic Editor: Gilda Tachedjian Copyright © 2012 T. L. Hartman and R. W. Buckheit Jr. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. During the past three decades, over thirty-five anti-HIV-1 therapies have been developed for use in humans and the progression from monotherapeutic treatment regimens to today’s highly active combination antiretroviral therapies has had a dramatic impact on disease progression in HIV-1-infected individuals. In spite of the success of AIDS therapies and the existence of inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, protease, entry and fusion, and integrase, HIV-1 therapies still have a variety of problems which require continued development efforts to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity, while making drugs that can be used throughout both the developed and developing world, in pediatric populations, and in pregnant women. Highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAARTs) have significantly delayed the progression to AIDS, and in the developed world HIV-1-infected individuals might be expected to live normal