低压缺氧复合NaCN中毒对大鼠呼吸频率及BALF成份影响.docVIP

低压缺氧复合NaCN中毒对大鼠呼吸频率及BALF成份影响 　【摘要】 目的研究低压缺氧复合氰化钠（NaCN）中毒对大鼠呼吸频率及支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）细胞数和总蛋白（TP）含量的影响。方法SD大鼠84只，随机分为常压常氧和低压缺氧2组。常压常氧组动物于重庆地区常规实验室内进行实验。将低压缺氧组动物置低压舱61 kPa环境放置72 h后开始实验。以3.6 mg/kg氰化钠皮下注射染毒，用RM6240型多道生理信号采集处理系统记录呼吸频率。制备BALF，测定BALF中细胞数，Lowery法测TP含量。结果低压缺氧致动物呼吸频率加快，但无统计学意义。BALF中细胞数和TP含量显著升高。低压缺氧动物NaCN中毒后呼吸频率及BALF中细胞数和TP含量进一步升高，均有显著性差异。结论低压缺氧加重NaCN中毒对大鼠呼吸系统的损伤作用。 【关键词】 低压缺氧 NaCN 中毒 呼吸频率 BALF 　 Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effects of NaCN intoxication and hypobaric hypoxia on respiration rate and BALF content in rats. Methods Tatolly 84 rats were randomized into the groups of nonhypoxia (NH) and hypobaric hypoxia (HH). The animals in NH and HH groups were treated in the general laboratory and the hypobaric hypoxia chamber, respectively. The animals were administrated subcutaneously with 3.6 mg/kg sodium cyanide (NaCN). Rat respiration rate was recorded with a RM6240 type electrophysiological machine. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected. Cells count and total protein were measured. Results The respiration rate was not significantly increased by hypobaric hypoxia itself, but by cyanide intoxication, however. An obvious increasing of BALF cell count and total protein was determined in the hypoxiatreated animals. Cyanide intoxication further rose the levels of the BALF content. Conclusion Sodium cyanideinduced injuries of respiration system can be further increased by hypobaric hypoxia. Keywords: hypobaric hypoxia; NaCN; intoxication; respiratory rate; BALF 氢氰酸是重要的化工原料又是极为重要的“双用途毒剂”，是战争中最易动员的化学力量之一［1］。氢氰酸、氰化钠（NaCN）、氰化钾同属于氰化物，进入机体能迅速解离出氰离子(CN-)。CN-对细胞呼吸链有很强的亲和力，可与细胞色素氧化酶的三价铁(Fe3+)结合，抑制该酶的活性［2］，从而阻断细胞对氧的利用，造成“内呼吸”障碍。呼吸衰竭和心血管功能衰竭是氰化物中毒死亡的主要原因［3］。低氧是高原环境的主要不良因素之一，既可以造成机体功能的异常反应［4］，也可以加重化学毒物对脑、心、肺功能的损伤作用［5］。初入高原人员若发生氰化物中毒，机体将同时遭受呼吸性低氧和细胞性低氧双重打击。目前对低压缺氧条件下氰化物中毒的伤情特点了解甚少。本研究以低压舱复制低压缺氧模型，观测氰化物中毒SD大鼠呼吸、支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）细胞数及总蛋白（TP）含量的变化，以探讨缺氧条件下氰化物中毒的伤情变化规律，为缺氧复合氰化物中毒的救治方案研究提供理论依据。 1材料与方法 1.1材料 NaCN购自重庆市煌辉化学危险品销售公司，纯度gt;98%，其他试剂为国产分析纯。RM6240生理信号采集