三种红树植物对潮水淹浸与水体盐度适应能力的研究.pdf

叶片中元素N 、Mg、Al 、P 和 Fe 含量随着淹水时间的延长而上升，且 Mg、Al 和 Fe 含 量在淹水时间超过 12h.d-1 后明显上升。白骨壤小苗叶片中P 、Ca、Al 、Fe 、Mn 、Ni 和 B 元素均为有规律的随着淹浸时间的延长而上升，元素 K 较有规律的随着淹水时间的延长 而减少，Zn 含量随淹水时间的延长先升后降。在潮水盐度实验中，秋茄幼苗叶片中元素 Na 、Cl 和 Cu 随盐度梯度增加呈增长，但元素 K 、Ca、Mg 和 Zn 随着盐度的增加而减少； 根部的 P 、Na 、Cl、Fe 和 Mn 随盐度增大而增大，但元素 K 和 Ca 随着盐度的增加而减 少。 （9 ）从植株矿质元素的分析结果可知：秋茄、尖瓣海莲和白骨壤幼苗在长时间的淹 水胁迫下，植株缺氧处于还原状态使一些离子的溶解度降低，导致 Fe 、Al 等金属元素的 含量过高而逐渐中毒，可能是造成这 3 种红树植物幼苗在长时间淹水胁迫下生长不良或 死亡的主要原因。秋茄幼苗在高盐度胁迫下体内 Na 、Cl 含量过高和 K 、Ca、Mg 、Zn 含 量的下降影响了幼苗的生理平衡，引起幼苗根部的 Fe 、Mn 等金属离子毒害的产生，可 能是秋茄幼苗在过高盐度胁迫下生长不良或死亡的主要原因。 关键词：红树植物，潮水淹浸，水体盐度，生长与生理指标，影响 III 万方数据 ABSTRACT Due to the long time deforestation, mangrove forest area in China dropped sharply, and forest quality and protective efficacy has been declined. In order to promote mangrove rehabilitation and sustainable development, strengthening the work of artificial mangrove reforestaion was urgent. Lots of forest practices showed that the tide-flooding time and salinity are the major limiting factor for mangrove forestation success. Therefore, Carrying out the study on adaption and tolerance of mangrove to tide-flooding and water salinity would provide theoretical basis and technical support to mangrove restoration. In this study, indoor tide simulated wetland system was establishment from 2005 to 2009, and the common mangrove species Bruguiera sexangula , Kandelia candel and Avicennia marina were the studied. Manual controlled the tide-flooding time was twelve gradients (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 h.d-1) and the water salinity was eight gradients (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40‰). Through analyzing and comparing the growth indexes