直流电动机转速控制系统设计（源程序+原理图+说明书+开题报告+翻译）.docVIP

摘 要 当今，自动化控制系统已经在各行各业得到了广泛的应用和发展，而直流驱动控制作为电气传动的主流在现代化生产中起着主要作用。特别是在直流电动机广泛应用的电气传动领域，起到至关重要的作用。直流电动机因为具有良好的调速性能和比较大的起动转矩，一直被应用在电气领域，尤其是在需要调速性能很高的场所。在制造业、工农业自动化、铁路与运输等行业都被广泛的应用，随着市场的竞争力，对直流电动机的需求也越来越高，同时对直流电动机的调速性能也有了更高的要求。因此，研究直流电动机转速控制系统的调速性能有着很重要的意义。 在本次的设计中采用PWM控制直流电动机转速。PWM脉冲受到PID算法的控制，被用来控制直流电动机的转速。同时利用安装在直流电动机转轴上的光电式传感器，将直流电动机的转速转换成脉冲信号，反馈到单片机，形成闭环反馈控制系统，改变不同占空比的PWM脉冲就可以实现直流电动机转速控制。 本论文对每一个方案的选择都进行详细的论述，在软件和硬件部分都进行了模块化。硬件部分首先给出一个以AT89S52单片机为核心的整体结构图，并对驱动电路、显示电路等模块进行详细的阐述。在软件部分给出整体程序流程图，对PWM程序、PID算法程序、显示程序等模块详细的阐述。本次系统设计的具有抗干扰能力强、性价比高、维修简单方便等优点。 关键词：PWM；单片机；直流电动机；转速控制 Abstract Nowadays, automatic control system has been widely used and greatly developed in all walks of life. As the dominant part of electric drive, direct current (DC) control plays an important role in modern production, especially in the DC motor is widely used in the field of electric transmission. DC motor because of its good speed control performance and relatively large starting torque, has been applied in the electrical field, especially in the high speed performance requirements of the occasion. Is widely used in the manufacturing industry, industry and trade of agricultural automation, rail and transit industry, with the competitiveness of the market, the demand of DC motor is also more and more high, also of the DC motor speed performance also has the higher requirements. Therefore, it is very important to study the speed control performance of the DC motor speed control system. In this design, using PWM control DC motor speed. PWM pulse is controlled by the PID algorithm, PWM is used to control the speed of DC motor. At the same time, the hall sensor mounted on the rotational shaft of the DC motor, the DC motor speed is converted into a pulse signal, feedback to the microcontroller, form a closed loop feedback control system, changing the duty ratio of the PWM pulse can realize DC motor speed control. In this paper, the choice of each program are discussed in detail, in both the softw