害虫生态调控的原理与方法-生态学杂志.pdfVIP

生态学杂志 　1998 ,17 (2) :38 - 42 Chinese Journal of Ecology 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 害 虫 生 态 调 控 的 原 理 与 方 法 戈 　峰 ( 中国科学院动物研究所农业虫鼠害综合治理国家重点实验室 ,北京 100080) The Principles and Methods of Ecological Regulation and Management of Pests. Ge Feng ( I ns ti ) t ute of Zoology , Chinese A cademy of S ciences , B eij ing 100080 . Chinese J ou rnal of Ecology , 1998 , 17 (2) :38 - 42 . Integrated p est management ( IPM) has been received as t he only national approach to p est control since 1960s. However , because of limitation of t he IPM concept and social ,economical ,technical and organizational obstacles , t he rate of adoption of IPM by farmers has been very low . In t his p ap er , t he principles and met hods of ecological regulation and management of p est ( ERMP) are proposed for develop ment of IPM . As a p art of agriculture systems , t he p est management must be incorporat ed in sustainable agriculture wit h ot her agricultural practices. The high crop yields and low- input sustainable agriculture could be maintained by designing t he p est management eco- engineering and optimizing t he integrated use of various ecological regulation and management practices to p est s. Key words : ecological regulation and management of p est ( ERMP) , principle and met hods. 既可促进作物的生殖生长 ,又可减少害虫 1 　前 　言 的为害[7 ] 。合理地追施化肥 ,可使受害作 纵观害虫防治的历史 , 已由原始防治 、 物的产量明显提高 。显然 ,害虫防治必须 ( ) 从保护作物发展到保护农业生产系统 ,从 化学防治进入综合防治 IPM 阶段 。综合 防治作为害虫管理系统 ,这是根据有害生 综合防治发展到综合农场[3 ] 。 物的种群动态及其环境的关系 ,尽可能地 另一方面 , 由于 目前的害虫防治技术 协调各种适应的技术与方法 ,使害虫种群