(生物制药工艺学)15_2第二节疫苗.ppt

第二节 疫苗 一、概述 Introduction of variolation Milestones in immunization 1780AD Edward Jenner discovers small pox vaccine Edward Jenner Discovery of small pox vaccine Edward JennerAmong patients awaiting small pox vaccination Modern era of the vaccine Modern era of the vaccine 疫苗发明前后可预防疾病的统计学分析 Pre- post-vaccine incidence of common preventable diseases This child has diphtheria resulting in a thick gray coating over back of throat. This coating can eventually expand down through airway and, if not treated, the child could die from suffocation CDC 二、疫苗的种类和发展 1、常规疫苗： 活疫苗：用人工定向变异方法或从自然界筛选出的毒力