跨文化商务交际 全套课件.pptx

Unit 1 About Culture Text 1Pre-reading questions1. What is culture?2. What is the essence of culture?Pre-reading questions1. What is culture?According to Kroeber “Culture consists of patterns, explicit and implicit, of and for behaviour, acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievements of human groups … the essential core of culture consists of traditional ideas and especially their attached values.” （依据第一篇文章第一个小标题第2个自然段的内容。 ）Pre-reading questions2. What is the essence of culture?The essence of culture is that it is learned, shared, interrelated and adaptive. （依据第一篇文章第二个小标题第1个自然段的内容。）Culture Culture is not a rationally based belief system. Culture refers to · taken-for-granted beliefs · values · norms · basic assumptionsCulture Classic definition of cultureCulture consists of patterns, explicit and implicit, of and for behaviour, acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievements of human groups … the essential core of culture consists of traditional ( i.e. historically derived and selected) ideas and especially their attached values.Cultural responsesCultural responsesTwo major categories: 1. the essence of a culture 2. cultural forms 1. The Essence of Culturelearnedsharedinterrelated adaptive The Essence of CultureA key essence of cultureA key essence of culture is that cultural forms are interrelated as a system.2. Cultural forms 2. Cultural forms ? meetings ? hierarchies ? occupational groupings ? uses of space ? celebratory events ? origin myths ? legendsNotesCulture consists of patterns, explicit and implicit, of and for behaviour, acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievements of human groups … the essential core of culture consists of traditional ( i.e. historically derived and selected) ideas and especially their attached[values]. 【译文】文化包含各种外显和内隐的行为模式，这些行为模式通过 符号习得和传播，构成了人类群体与众不同的成就。文化的本质核心是由传统的（即历史衍生和选择的）观点，尤其是它们所附带的价值观构成。Notes【注】 这段话是由Kroeber & Kluckhon所定义，阿尔弗