马铃薯晚疫病生防木霉菌的筛选及鉴定.docxVIP

菌物学报mailto:jwxt@jwxt@15 November 2014, 33(6): 1231‐1241/Http://Mycosystema ISSN1672‐6472 CN11‐5180/Q ? 2014 IMCAS, all rights reserved.研究论文 Research paperDOI: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.140232马铃薯晚疫病生防木霉菌的筛选及鉴定曲远航 1王琦 1姚彦坡 1黄振霖 2李燕 1*1 中国农业大学植物病理学系植物病害生物防治与微生态实验室 北京 1001932 重庆市农业技术推广总站 重庆 400020摘 要：采用马铃薯活体筛选法从 268 株木霉菌中筛选获得两株对致病疫霉有较强抑菌活性的木霉菌株 R‐5 和 T‐15。 这两株木霉菌代谢液可抑制病原菌生长及孢子囊萌发。温室防病试验发现，接种两株木霉菌可以减轻晚疫病的发 生。田间试验进一步证明，两株木霉菌对晚疫病具有良好的田间防治效果，防效分别达到了 72.4%和 70.0%。经分 子生物学方法鉴定，两株木霉菌分别为拟康氏木霉和棘孢木霉。实验构建的以活体筛选为基础的生防木霉菌筛选 方法是一种可行高效的生防木霉菌筛选方式。 关键词：马铃薯晚疫病，生物防治，木霉菌，马铃薯活体筛选法，鉴定Antagonistic Trichoderma isolates against potato late blight caused byPhytophthora infestansQU Yuan‐Hang1WANG Qi1YAO Yan‐Po1HUANG Zhen‐Lin2LI Yan1*1Lab of biocontrol of plant disease and microecology, Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China2Chongqing Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Chongqing 400020, ChinaAbstract: A potato‐based screening method for antagonistic Trichoderma spp. to Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of potato late blight, was developed. 268 strains were isolated from potato roots and rhizosphere. Two Trichoderma isolates R‐5 and T‐15 showed significantly antifungal activities against P. infestans. An antagonistic assay showed that the supernatant of these two isolates inhibited mycelium growth and sporangium germination of P. infestans. Greenhouse and field experiments indicated R‐5 and T‐15 reduced the disease incidence by 72.4% and 70.0%, respectively. According to the sequences of ITS and tef gene, R‐5 and T‐15 were identified as Trichoderma koningiopsis and T.asperellum, respectively. Therefore, potato‐based screening method for antagonistic Trichoderma spp. to P.基金项目：国家高技术研究发展计划（863 计划）子课题（No. 2011AA10A201）*Corresponding author. E‐mail: mailto:liyancau@liyancau@收稿日期：2014‐10‐17，接受日期：2014‐11‐13infestans is efficient for developing biological control agents against P. infestans.Key words: potato late blight,