地表下沉系数与采厚采深关系的讨论.doc

摘要 随着经济的发展，对能源的消耗需求日益增加。由于“三下”（尤其建筑物）压煤严重，伴随着煤炭生产规模的扩大和开采技术的提高，“三下”开采已迫在眉睫，这对生产安全提出了很大的挑战；同时，对防范灾害的意识的增强和对防护措施的加大，使人们开始重视研究采动地表动态沉陷的预计理论及方法。越来越多的新理论被应用于开采沉陷预测中来。在众多的数值模拟软件中，FLAC数值模拟软件在模拟非线性、大变形或动态问题时更加有效。 本文对开采沉陷动态过程机理、预计方法等方面的研究现状进行了论述，并使用FLAC2D软件对地表下沉数值进行模拟同时与实测数据进行比较，探讨地表下沉系数与采厚、采深的关系。结论是下沉系数随采深增大而减小，呈现线性表现；采厚与下沉系数呈非线性关系，随着采厚的增加，下沉系数逐渐减小。 关键词：下沉系数，采厚，采深，数值模拟，开采沉陷。 Abstract With the development of economy, the energy consumption demand is increasing. Due to the mining under three bodies (especially buildings) Serious, with the expansion of the scale and improve of technology, the mining under three bodies is imminent, this is a huge challenge for production safety; while, with the enhancement of disaster awareness and increase of prevention measures, the prediction theories and methods of surface dynamics subsidence by mining begin draw people’s attention increasingly. More and more new theory was applied to predict mining subsidence. In many of the numerical simulation software, FLAC is most effective when applied to nonlinear or large-strain problems, or to situations in which physical instability may occur. The study status of the dynamic process mechanism of mining subsidence and prediction methods were discussed, and use flca2d software to simulation the surface subsidence data, then compare with the measured data, the relationship of surface subsidence coefficient and mining height or mining depth was discussed. The Conclusion is the subsidence coefficient decreases with the increase of mining depth, nearly linear change; with the increase of mining height, the subsidence coefficient decreases with a nonlinear relationship. Keywords: subsidence coefficient mining height mining depth numerical simulation subsidence factor. 目录 1 绪论 1 1.1 课题研究目的和意义 1 1.2国内外开采沉陷数值模拟研究历史和现状 1 1.3论文研究内容 3 2 模拟矿区地质条件 5 2.1模拟矿区地质条件 5 2.2 可采煤层顶底板条件 10 2.3 实验模拟矿区综述 11 3 FLAC数值模拟实验 13 3.1 FLAC软件介绍和下沉系数简介 13 3.2数值模拟实验 15 3.3 成图结果及分析 21 3.4 模拟方案举例 33 4 总结 37 参考文献 38 致谢 40 附录1 41 附录2