物理学讲义运动Motion.pdfVIP

B Motion 8-1 Description of motion In order to find the laws governing the various changes that take place in 8-1 Description of motion bodies as time goes on, we must be able to describe the changes and have some way 8-2 Speed to record them. The simplest change to observe in a body is the apparent change in its position with time, Which we call motion. Let us consider some solid object 8-3 Speed as a derivative with a permanent mark, which we shall call a point, that we can observe. We 8-4 Distance as an integral shall discuss the motion of the little marker, which might be the radiator cap of an automobile or the center of a falling ball, and shall try to describe the fact that it 8-5 Acceleration moves and how it moves. These examples may sound trivial, but many subtleties enter into the descrip- tion of change. Some changes are more difficult to describe than the motion of a point on a solid object, for example the speed of drift of a cloud that is drifting very slowly, but rapidly forming or evaporating, or the change of a womans mind. We do not know a simple way to analyze a change of mind, but since the cloud can be represented or described by many molecules, perhaps we can describe the motion of the cloud in principle by describing the motion of all its individual molecules. Likewise, perhaps even the changes in the mind may have a parallel in changes of the atoms inside the brain, but we have no such knowledge yet. At any rate, that is why we begin with the motion of points; perhaps we should think of them as atoms, but it is probabl