生物表面活性剂surfactin的分离纯化及理化性质研讨.pdfVIP

生物表面活性剂surfactin 的分离纯化及理化性质研究 贡国鸿 郑之明 袁成凌 王丽 姚黎明 余增亮 中国科学院离子束生物工程学重点实验室 合肥 230031 Purification and characterization of surfactin produced by Bacillus subtilis E8 Gong Guohong, Zheng Zhiming, Yuan Chengling, Wang Li, Yao Liming, Yu Zengliang Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China 通讯作者：贡国鸿，男，博士；邮箱：gongghsw@163.com Corresponding author: GONG Guohong, E-mail: gongghsw@163.com 摘要 利用surfactin 高产菌株Bacillus subtilis E8 发酵得到的生物表面活性剂粗提物钠盐和溶 剂抽提物钠盐具有良好的表面活性（CMC 分别为15µM 和13 µM）和乳化活性，两种提取 物钠盐对高温（100℃，12 小时）、高盐度（NaCl 25％或CaCl2 5000 mg/L ）以及pH 变化（5 - 12），均能保持表面活性的稳定，这些优良特性是该产品应用范围不断扩展的基础。 发酵液中提取的surfactin 由一系列具有不同长度脂肪酸侧链的同系物组成，研究了脂肪 酸链差异同系物的表面活性，发现脂肪酸链即使只相差一个亚甲基，其表面活性也有明显 的差异。关于结构与功能细微关系的研究将有助于通过不同方法提高surfactin 产品中高表 面活性同系物的含量。 关键词：生物表面活性剂；surfactin；枯草芽孢杆菌；理化性质 Abstract: The crude and extracted surfactin produced by Bacillus subtilis E8 (CMCs were 15 and 13 µM respectively) exhibited excellent properties of surface activity and emulsification activity, pH stability, thermal stability and resistance to salts, which widened their potential application. The surfactin was recovered from the fermentation broth as a mixture of several surfactin homologues. A preliminary study showed that the surfactin homologues with a methylene group difference exhibited a variation of surface activity. The study about the relationship between structure and function is helpful to improve the concentration of high surface activity surfactin homologues in the product. Keywords: Biosurfactant; Surfactin; Bacillus subtilis; Characterization 引言 生物表面活性剂surfactin 是由7 个氨基酸（亲水基团）与一个脂肪酸链（疏水基团） 组成的环脂肽类表面活性剂[1]，是迄今为止发现的活性最强的生物表面活性剂之一，同时具 有抗菌和抗病毒活性、溶细胞活性、抑制血纤维凝集以及刺激巨嗜细胞活性等诸多生物活性 [