第1,2章细菌的生物学形状--七年制.pptVIP

Bacterial requirements for growth ?nutrients ? optimal pH ? optimal temperature ? oxygen (or absence) ? osmotic pressure Nutrient Requirements carbon nitrogen inorganic salt water growth factor pH grow best at neutral pH: 7.2~7.6 Some can survive/grow - acid pH 3 - alkali pH 9 Growth temperature psychrophile: -5~30℃ mesophile: 10~45℃ human body temperature: 37 ℃ pathogens opportunists thermophile: 25~95℃ Growth atmosphere ? strict (obligate) aerobe ? microaerophilic bacterium ? facultative anaerobe ? strict (obligate) anaerobe Reason that obligate anaerobes can’t grow in oxygen condition: (1) Lack of cytochrome and cytochromase Eh 300mv/120mv (2) Lack of superoxide dismutase (SOD) , catalase , peroxidase superoxide dismutase O2-+2H+ H2O2 catalase H2O2 H2O peroxidase H2O2 H2O osmotic pressure 0.5% Nacl halophilic bacterium: 3% Nacl bacterial L-form: 3% -5% Nacl Mode and speed of Bacterial reproduction ◆ binary fission ◆ generation time: time for bacterial mass to double 20~30min Growth in a broth culture ---The Growth curve (1)?lag phase ： adaptation (2) logarithmic phase： most rapid reproduction (3) stationary phase： rate of reproduction=rate of dead (4) decline phase： rate of dead rate of reproduction. decline Growth in a solid medium