生理学课件10本科第四章4.ppt

;二、心脏泵血过程 pumping events （一）心房的初级泵血功能 Role of the atria in heart pump Accumulation积聚 of blood during ventricular contraction and primer pump. 10~30 % of total filling volume . （二）心室的射血和充盈过程 ;以左心室为例 1. 心房收缩期Period of atrial contraction: （收缩期前，处于全 心舒张期） a. Before atrial systole , A-V valves are open and blood flows into the ventricles (about 75% of the blood) b. Atrial contraction causes an additional 25% of filling of the ventricles ⑴ 全心舒张期时 ⑵ 心房收缩时;2 .心室收缩期 Ventricular systole ⑴ 等容收缩期 Isovolumic contraction phase: duration : 0.05s ① The ventricular pressure is higher than atrial pressure , but lower than aortic pressure ② A-V valves are closed and semilunar半月形的 valves are not open ③ the ventricular pressure rises rapidly but does not reaches the peak ④ the ventricle changes its form , but the volume does not change. ;⑵ 射血期 Ejection phase a. 快速射血期 Rapid ejection phase : 2/3 total ejection volume, rapid, duration 0.1s b. 减慢射血期 Reduced ejection phase. ① The ventricular pressure is higher than aortic pressure and much higher than atrial pressure , and reaches the peak at the end of rapid ejection ②A-V valves are closed and semilunar valves are open ③The blood is rapidly ejected from ventricle to aorta ④The volume of ventricle decreases rapidly . in the first third of period of ejection , about 70% of emptying occur , is called period of rapid ejection In the last two thirds , about 30% of emptying that occur is called the period of slow ejection ;;（三）心房在心脏泵血活动中的作用 心房Function of the atria ： 1.心房的接纳和初级泵作用 接纳静脉回流的血液和通道作用 初级泵：可使心室的充盈再增加10% ~ 30% Atria contract causing 25% filling of the ventricle. Before the atria contract, blood normally flows continually from the veins into the atria; about 75% blood flows directly through the atria into the ventricles. The atria act as primer pumps for the ventricles. ;2. 心动周期中心房内压力的变化 Change in pressure during cardia cycle 左房：