第三章萃取小结.ppt.ppt

Summary: Extraction New knowledge Triangle phase equilibrium diagram cross flow process mass balance in triangle diagram Old method theoretical stage model differential contact model minimum solvent/feed ratio engineering considerations Exercise 1 of week 9 Exercise of this week When to use extraction? Distillation is preferential. When distillation is difficult (azeotropic or relative volatility is close to 1) When distillation is inefficient (eg 1% HAc water) When the component is heat sensitive (eg bioproduct, penicillin) Limitation of extraction AB should be miscible; B and S should be immiscible or partially miscible; Solvent should be regenerated either through distillation or other methods Apparatus for extraction Performance of commercial extraction equipment Leaching When AB is a solid mixture Solid extraction or leaching Equilibrium is different from liquid extraction How? Without chemical reaction With chemical reaction Equipment is different from liquid extraction How and why? stationary solid beds moving-bed leaching dispersed solid leaching stationary solid beds similar to the cleaning of filtration cake moving-bed leaching similar to the countercurrent extraction in spray column How is the solid moving? dispersed solid leaching similar to mixer-settlers mechanical agitation settling filtration * * * * * *