聚碳酸酯的合成工艺及国内研究进展.doc

浅谈聚碳酸酯的合成工艺及国内研究进展聚碳酸酯 (PC) 是一种综合性能很好的热塑性工程塑料具有突出的抗冲击性能、耐蠕变性能较高的拉伸强度等一系列的优良性质。其应用领域非常广泛已进入到汽车、电子电气、建筑、办公设备、包装、运动器械、医疗保健、光盘等领域，能适应多种特定应用领域对成本和性能的要求。它的合成方法主要有界面缩聚和非光气法，当然酯交换和开环缩聚也用得较多。国外的工艺较国内先进许多，像拜耳、Sabic、帝人等公司的产品占据了巨大的国际市场。国内的研究起步早，进展慢，晨光化工设计院等单位也只有初步的成果，要想打破国际市场的垄断，必须取得技术的突破。聚碳酸酯的前景一片光明，在五大工程塑料中PC树脂是增长速度最快的工程塑料。聚碳酸酯界面缩聚法Abstract: Polycarbonate (PC) is a good overall performance engineering thermoplastics, with outstanding impact resistance, creep resistance, high tensile strength and a series of excellent properties.The broad range of applications, has entered into the automotive, electrical and electronics, construction, office equipment, packaging, sports equipment, medical care, CDs and other fields, it can adapt to a variety of specific applications on the cost and performance requirements. The synthesis of its main interface, and non-phosgene condensation, of course, transesterification and ring-opening polymerization are used more. More advanced foreign technology in many, such as Bayer, Sabic, Teijin and other company,s products account for a huge international market.Domestic research started early, while slow paced, Chenguang Chemical Design Institute and other institutions are only preliminary results, to break the monopoly of the international market ,we must obtain a technology breakthrough. Prospects for the future of polycarbonate is promising, engineering plastics has ranked in the top five, and PC resin is the fastest growing engineering plastics. Key words: polycarbonate; interface polycondensation; non-phosgene; domestic market 1.0 前言[1-4] 聚碳酸酯（PC）是一种无味、无臭、无毒、透明的综合性能优良的无定形热塑性材料，是分子链中含有碳酸酯链一类高分子化合物的总称。它是前用量最大的工程塑料之一， 其高透明性和高抗冲击强度兼备的性能目前无其他材料可比。同时聚碳酸酯具有特别好的抗冲击强度、耐蠕变性能、较高的抗张强度、热稳定性、光泽度、抑制细菌特性、阻燃特性以及抗污染性，耐热耐寒、吸水率低、无毒、有极好的形状和颜色稳定性、介电性能优良，可见光的透过率可达90%， 是五大工程塑料中唯一具有良好透明性的产品，也是近年来增长速度最快的通用工程塑料。 聚碳酸酯可分为脂肪族、脂环族、芳香族等几大类。聚碳酸酯按功能特性， 亦可分为通用、透明、医药、食品、阻燃、耐热、耐候、润滑、玻璃纤维增强、无机物填充、电磁屏蔽、抗静电等品级及复合品级， 各品级又可分为更多牌号。聚碳酸酯应用与开发正向高复合、多功能、专用化、系列化方面发展。 聚碳酸醋用途广泛应用范围涵盖光学、电