机会致病寄生虫(双语).pptx

思考题： 1.引起以腹泻为主要临床表现的原虫有哪些？ 2.机会致病寄生虫有哪些？最大的危害是什么？ 3.与优生优育有关的寄生虫有哪些？;parasite; Opportunistic protozoa Some protozoa are nonpathogenic or cause only limited clinical symptoms in immunocompetent host, but can result in serious symptoms in immunodeficient persons. ;Factors that cause immunity suppression: -Malignant tumor, long-term radiotherapy, organ transplantation, long-term using immunosuppressive drugs, severe protein-calorie malnutrition; -Congenital immune deficiency disease, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AID) etc.;? Toxoplasma gondii 弓形虫 ? Cryptosporidium 隐孢子虫 ? Isospora 贝氏等孢球虫 ? Cyclospora 环孢子虫 ? Sarcocystis 肉孢子虫 ? Blastocystis hominis 人芽囊原虫 ? Strongyloides stercoralis 粪类圆线虫;Toxoplasma gondii ; -1908年由Nicolle and Manceaux 在刚地梳趾鼠的肝、脾单核细胞内发现； -Definitive host is the cat； Intermediate host has a wide range, including humans, mammals, birds and other； -Parasitizing nucleated cells in human, human and animal infection rate is extremely high；;Morphology;C. Transmission electron micrograph of an intracellular tachyzoite. ;Morphology;-Schizont(裂殖体): --Oblong, with 4-29 merozoites(裂殖子) ； --Merozoite crescent-shape, and fan-shaped arrangement ； --Exist on the definitive host epithelial cells of intestinal villi .;-Oocyst(卵囊):;Life cycle; Intermediate host (human);;Summary of life cycle; 5. Ways of transmission: 1) Prenatal infection --to cross the placenta to infect the fetus. 2) Postnatally acquired infection ①by ingesting food contaminated by oocysts from cat feces. ②through the consumption of uncooked infected meat. ③through blood transfusion, organ transplantation ;Pathogenesis;;感染发生时间 母-胎传播率 孕期6~16wk 4.9% 17~20wk 17.3% 21~35wk 28.9%;.请分析判断下列哪个说法是对的？; 2. Postnatal toxoplasmosis (1)Immunocompetent individuals: .Disease is locally and generalized and is rarely severe. .Lymphadenitis is the most common manifestation.;