美国石油学校定向井课件(英文).ppt

Petroleum Engineering 406Lesson 18 Directional Drilling Lesson 10 - Directional Drilling When is it used? Type I Wells (build and hold) Type II Wells (build, hold and drop) Type III Wells (build) Directional Well Planning Design Survey Calculation Methods Homework: READ. “Applied Drilling Engineering” Ch. 8, pp. 351-363 REF. API Bulletin D20, “Directional Drilling Survey Calculation Methods and Terminology” What is Directional Drilling? Directional Drilling is the process of directing a wellbore along some trajectory to a predetermined target. Basically it refers to drilling in a non-vertical direction. Even “vertical” hole sometimes require directional drilling techniques. Build Section: Fig. 8-14. Directional well used to intersect multiple targets Fig. 8-15. Directional quadrants and compass measurements Example 1: Design of Directional Well Design a directional well with the following restrictions: Total horizontal departure = 4,500 ft True vertical depth (TVD) = 12,500 ft Depth to kickoff point (KOP) = 2,500 ft Rate of build of hole angle = 1.5 deg/100 ft Example 1: Design of Directional Well This is a Type I well (build and hold) (i) Determine the maximum hole angle (inclination) required. (ii) What is the total measured depth of the hole (MD)? Solution Type I Well 1.5 deg/100’ Build Section MD1 = 1,800’ (27/1.5) TVD1 = 1,734’ HD1 = 416’ Remaining vertical height = 10,000 - 1,734 = 8,266’ Solution Horizontally: 416 + 8,266 tan 27o = 4,628 We need 4,500’ only: Next try Imax = 25’ 30 min Solution: Remaining vertical depth = 10,000-1644 = 8,356 ft. ? Horizontal deviation = 372+8,356 tan 25.5 = 4,358 ft. { ?4500 } Approx. maximum angle = 26 What is the size of target? MD = MDvert + MDbuild + MDhold Type II Pattern Given: KOP = 2,000 feet TVD = 10,000 feet Horiz. Depart. = 2,258 feet Build Rate = 20 per 100 feet Drop Rate = 10 30’