(精编)【医学课件】 Sources of Magnetic Field教学课件.pptVIP

* Magnetic field of a current segment What is B field of 125 Amp current from 1.0 cm segment of wire 1.2 meters away at two points? For P1:B = m0/4p I?dl /r2 (-z direction) For P2B = m0/4p I ? dl ? sin (30) /r2 (also -z direction) For P1:B = -8.7 x 10-8 T (z) For P2:B = -4.3 x 10-8 T (z) Magnetic fields of long wires Long, straight conductor carries 1.0 A; Where does B = 0.5 x 10-4 T (about the equivalent of Earth’s field)? B = 0.5 x 10-4 T = m0I/2pr r = m0I/2pB = 4 mm! B = ? gauss? 1A current Magnetic fields of long wires Find B at P1, P2, and P3. Magnetic fields of long wires P1: - m0I/2p(2d) + m0I/2p(4d) = -m0I/8pd P2: +m0I/2p(d) + m0I/2p(d) = +m0I/pd P3: + m0I/2p(3d) - m0I/2p(d) = -m0I/3pd Force between parallel conductors The force per unit length on each conductor is F/L = ?0II?L/2πr.  The conductors attract each other if the currents are in the same direction and repel if they are in opposite directions. Forces between parallel wires What force does each wire exert on the other? Force/Length = m0I I’/2pr Force/Length = 1.0 x 104 N/m Magnetic field of a circular current loop Use Biot-Savart Law to find field a distance ‘x’ away on axis from a coil with current I. Remember VECTORS! dB = (m0/4p) I(dl x r)/r3 y z x a r P x Magnetic field of a coil Direction of field using right-hand rule. Magnetic field of a circular current loop The Biot Savart law gives Bx = ?0Ia2/2(x2 + a2)3/2 on the axis of the loop. Magnetic field of a circular current loop At center of N loops, where x = 0, the field on the axis is Bx = ?0NI/2a. Graph B field vs. x What about LOTS of coils? A solenoid Field of a solenoid A solenoid consists of a helical winding of wire on a cylinder. Field depends on # of turns per meter (“n”) and current I ? 2016 Pearson Education Inc. Field of a toroidal solenoid A toroidal solenoid is a doughnut-shaped solenoid. Magnetic fields for MRI? MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) requires magnetic field of ~ 1.5 T.