Angle Reduction - University of Southern Queensland：角减少-南方昆士兰大学.pptVIP

ANGLE REDUCTION ANDMERIDIAN CONVERGENCE Learning Objectives After this lecture you will be able to: Reduce measured angles for geodetic calculations Apply meridian convergence Lecture Outline SP1 Reducing observed angles to spheroid Diagrams Meridian Convergence Geodetic Traverses Conclusion SP1 Requirements In Study Book Reduction of Measured Angles to the Spheroid Deflection of Verticals Correction Geoid and ellipsoid normals different Skew Normals Correction Normals at each end not parallel Correct to eliminate effect of two normal sections Laplace Correction Relationship between astronomical observed and geodetic azimuths Used to correct astronomical azimuths Sample Data We will cover these in next Prac/Tutorial Indicative order of magnitude Deflection correction 0”.063 Skew normal correction 0”.003 Laplace correction -6”0.72 Diagrams Diagrams Meridian Convergence Geodetic Traverse - Several Diagrams Usual Diagram Geodetic Traverse - Single Diagram Meridian Convergence - (??) Meridian Convergence - (??) Meridian Convergence - (??) Summary We investigated: SP1 requirements Corrections for Deflection of Verticals Skew Normals Laplace Corrections Meridian Convergence Geodetic diagrams Conclusion You can now: Reduce measured angles to a form in which they can be used for geodetic calculations Calculate and apply meridian convergence Self Study Read relevant module in study materials Review Questions * * Another way of depicting the same diagram is: *