译林牛津八年级下册 8b知识点梳理.docVIP

牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit 知识点归纳 8B Unit1 【考点精讲】 一、核心词汇 1．past n． [考点点拨] past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past（n．）在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。如： When he walks past our desks, he always knocks our books and pens off the desks. 当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。 The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past. 这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。 2．present n． [考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。At present＝at the moment＝right now目前；其还可作形 容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。如： He is washing his clothes at present. 现在他正在洗衣服。 3．northern adj。 [考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。如： in the north of China ＝ in the northe part of China 在中国北部 East China华东；North China华北 The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural centre. 城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。 4．pollution n． [考点点拨] 常见短语：air pollution空气污染；noise pollution噪音污染；light pollution光污染。如： I could hardly believe she had made a video about water pollution by herself. 我几乎不能相信她靠自己制作了一份有关水污染的录像。 pollute作动词，意为“污染”，pollute the air污染空气。 5．interview n． vt． [考点点拨] interview作名词，意为“采访，会见”，还可作动词，意为“采访，面试”；interviewer作名词，意为“采访者，面试官”。如： interview sb．＝ have an interview with sb.采访某人 Sally became a member of the company after the job interview. 萨莉在求职面试后成为了这家公司的一员。 I interviewed Mr Zhang yesterday afternoon ＝I had an interview with Mr Zhang yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我采访了张先生。 6．return v. [考点点拨] return作“返回”讲时是不及物动词，相当于come/get back: 作“归还”讲时是及物动词，相当于giveback。return to someplace回到某处；return sth to sb. ＝give sth．back to sb.把某物还给某人。return本身含有back的意思，不能再和back连用。如： 他借了我的手机，还没还给我。 正：He borrowed my mobile phone and hasnt returned it to me. 误：He borrowed my mobile phone and hasnt returned it back to me. 二、核心句型 1. You used to share food with me! 你过去常和我分享食物！ [考点点拨] used to do sth过去常常做某事（现在不做了）；be used to do sth. ＝ be used for doing sth是被动语态结构，意为“被用来做某事”；be used to doing sth意为“习惯于做某事”，其中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。如： I used to pla