吉林大学《软件工程精品教学》软件工程第7章.pptVIP

chapter 7 Writing the Programs程序的编写 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 7.1Programming standards and procedures编程标准和过程 Reasons:Others are able to understand what you have written, why you have written it and how it fits in with their work. 让别人理解你写了什么，为什么写以及它同工作是如何配合的。 Software engineering standards  软件工程标准 Standards for you 个人的标准 Help you to organize your thoughts and avoid mistakes. Standardized documentation helps in locating faults and making changes, because it clarifies which sections of your program perform which functions.帮你组织思想，避免错误 。标准化的文档还有助于查找错误的位置并作出改动。 Help in translating designs to code. By structuring code according to standards, you maintain the correspondence between design components and code components. 有助 于你将设计转化成代码，维持设计组件和代码组件之间的一 致性。 Standards for others 其他人的标准 You organize, format, and document your code to make it easy for other to understand what it does and how it works. 组织、排版及编写代码文档，使其他人容 易理解软件做什么及如何运行。 Matching design with implementation设计与实现的匹配 The most critical standard is the need for a direct correspondence between the program design components and the program code components.最关键的标准就是需要在程序设计组件和程序代码组件之间有直接的对应关系. (系统的一般目的是在整个软件生命周期中保持一致,设计和代码之间的一致性是基本问题.) Standard format for comments注释的标准格式 /* Statement of function: 函数功能 * Component name: 组件名 * Programmer: 程序员 * Version: 版本 * Procedure Invocation: 过程调用 * Input Parameters: 输入参数 * Output Parameters: 输出参数 */ 7.2 Programming Guidelines  编程指导方针 Major aspects of programming编程的主要方面： control structures 控制结构 Algorithms 算法 data structures 数据结构 Control structures 控制结构 Many of control structures for a component are suggested by the architecture and design. It is important for your program structure to reflect the design’s control structure.体系结构和设计提出了很多组件的控制结构，程序结构反映设计的控制结构是非常重要的。 Many guidelines and standards suggest that the code be written so you can read a component easily from the top down.许多指导方针和标准建