英美语文[1]-lecture 04.pptVIP

The Stuart Dynasty(斯图亚特王朝) (1603–1714) James I (1603-1625) ： Jacobean period （詹姆斯一世时代） Charles I (1625-1649) --1642 the outbreak of the Civil War/Bourgeois Revolution between royal court parliament between aristocrats middle class between the Anglican Church the Purtians and radical Protestants --1649 beheading Charles I The Stuart Dynasty [Commonwealth] run by the parliament, with Oliver Cromwell as the Protectorate/Lord Protector(护民官之职) , established Great Britain by capturing Ireland and Scotland The Stuart Dynasty Charles II (1660-1685) Restoration James II (1685-1688) Mary II and William of Orange (1688-1694, -1702) Glorious/Bloodless Revolution Anne (1702-1714) England in the 17th Century English Revolution: 1642-1649, Cromwell reigns and monarchy was abolished and England became a commonwealth. The Restoration: In 1660, after Cromwell’s death, the Parliament recalled Charles and the Restoration period began. Glorious Revolution: In 1688, James II was expelled and William, Prince of Orange, from Holland, was invited and became the King. The Revolution of the 17th century English civil war, 1642–49, the conflict between King Charles I of England and a large body of his subjects, generally called the “parliamentarians,” that culminated in the defeat and execution of the king in 1649 and the establishment of a republican commonwealth. The English Civil War was as much the response to the effects of the Reformation as it was a response to the needs of the rising middle classes, the landed gentry. The Revolution of the 17th century The war itself involved the king, Parliament, the aristocracy, the middle classes, the commoners, and the army. The War tested the prerogative of the king and challenged the theory of divine right. War raged between Parliamentarians, Royalists, Cavaliers and Roundheads and every religious sect in England. 1. James I’s Divine Right Monarchy was a divinely ordained ins