fmr1 基因敲除小鼠海马组织 mirna 差异表达及其靶基因鉴定word格式论文.docx

优秀毕业论文 精品参考文献资料 Identification of differently expressed miRNA and its target gene in the hippocampus tissues of Fmr1 gene knockout mice Postgraduate: Xiao Du Advisor: Prof. Yonghong Yi Institute of Neuroscience, Guangzhou Medical College The 2th Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College ABSTRACT Introduction MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short ( ～ 22 nucleotide) noncoding RNAs that mediate posttranscriptional gene silencing. miRNAs usually bind their target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing in the 3’ untranslated region (UTR) and impact protein expression by inhibiting mRNA translation or by promoting mRNA decay,which participate in cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and all normal development process of the tissues and organs. In mammals, several hundred distinct miRNAs have been discovered, including those selectively expressed in the brain, yet only a small number of miRNA targets have been validated and shown to be functionally important in vivo.MiRNAs present study shows that plays an important role in early development and diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative.In mammals, miR-132 regulates dendrite development by targeting p250GAP and miR-134 and 138 have been implicated in dendritic spine development through repression of LIMK1 and APT1. Fragile X syndrome (fragile X syndrome, FXS) is one of the most common forms of inherited mental retardation, which usually results from a trinucleotide repeat (CGG) expansion in the 5-untranslated region of the gene FMR1 and subsequent hypermethylation which lead to transcriptional silencing of FMR1 and loss of its PAGE PAGE 5 encoded protein, the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). FMRP is biochemically and genetically linked to the miRNA pathway. FMRP interacts with proteins (e.g., Argonaute and Dicer) in the RNA interference silencing complex (RISC) and with miRNAs, but FMRP itself is no t essential for RNAi- mediated mRNA cleavage. The well-established immature dendritic spi