基于道德风险博弈模型的激励机制分析-analysis of incentive mechanism based on moral hazard game model.docxVIP

摘要委托-代理理论的产生与应用，使得企业生产管理提高了效率，却产生了无 可避免的道德风险问题。为了解决道德风险问题，就得在委托人和代理人之间引 入激励合同，使得代理人的行动选择得到激励或约束，进而实现双方共赢。本文在委托-代理理论框架下构建了道德风险博弈模型，分别对薪酬激励机 制、产权激励机制、声誉激励机制和市场竞争激励机制进行模型分析和理论推导， 去证明或证伪了企业激励机制中的一些经验或总结。在薪酬激励机制的研究分析中，本文发现一般性业绩薪酬激励机制的激励效 率与员工的风险规避度、员工能力以及环境不确定性大小有关；企业为了规避员 工道德风险，而设计竞争性奖金激励机制的激励效率与员工评估能力、员工真实 能力以及员工的边际产出占有率有关。在产权薪酬激励的研究分析中，本文发现如果存在依附于员工身上却属于企 业剩余收益权所有的人力资本增值，那么员工有跳槽的动机；企业为了规避员工 道德风险，而设计人力资本产权激励机制的激励效率与员工学习能力、员工工作 能力、员工风险规避度以及环境不确定性有关。在隐性激励机制的研究分析中，本文发现内在激励对报酬激励有一定程度的 替代作用；社会规范压力激励可以降低员工的“偷懒”行为；市场竞争激励的存 在，会增强工作偏好和员工能力的激励效果，降低规范压力的激励效果，但对企 业业绩激励强度没影响。关键词：道德风险，激励机制，委托代理，博弈模型IIIAbstractThe emergence and application of the principal-agent theory, improving the efficiency of enterprises’ production and management, but it creates inevitable ethical risk problems. In order to resolve these problem, it’s necessary to insert incentive contract between principal and agents. It provides agents with stimulation and restraint for their behavior choices and achieves win-win outcome.This paper constructs the ethical risk and game model in the framework of the principal-agent theory, which provides model analysis and theoretical deducing to the salary incentive mechanism, property incentive mechanism, reputation incentive mechanism, and market competition incentive mechanism respectively. It aims at proving the right or wrong of some experiences and conclusions in enterprise’s incentive mechanism.According to the analysis of the salary incentive mechanism, it is found that The motivational efficiency of floating compensation mechanism is relate to the level of employees’ capacity, the degree of avoiding inevitable ethical risk and intranet employees’ environment of competition. The motivational efficiency of competitive bonus motivation mechanism is relate to employees’ ability to assess, employees’ real ability and employees’ occupancy of marginal output.According to the analysis of the property incentive mechanism, it is found that if there is exist that human capital