季戊四醇缩醛酮的合成 表征及水解性能分析-synthesis, characterization and hydrolysis performance analysis of pentaerythritol acetal ketone.docx

湘潭大学 湘潭大学 2011 届硕士研究生毕业论文 II II Abstract The thesis contains five parts, which reports that the synthesis, characterization and acid hydrolytic property of pentaerythritol acetals (ketals) with the catalysis of p-toluene sulfonic acid. Among them, focus of this thesis is the research of pentaerythritol monoacetals (monoketals) and pentaerythritol hetero diacetals (diketals). The first part is about the synthesis of pentaerythritol diacetals (diketals). We use benzene and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent separately, comparing the synthesis of six pairs of diacetals (diketals) in two phases and single phase solution. The diacetals (diketals) are received only in two phases solution, while monoacetals (monoketals) and diacetals (diketals) can be separated in the single phase solution. This proves that pentaerythritol monoacetals (monoketals) synthesized firstly can react with aldehydes (ketones) rapidly dissolved in the same phase to generate diacetals (diketals). The second part is about the synthesis of pentaerythritol monoacetals (monoketals). The report about them is not much and they can be synthesized mainly in the single phase solution. The selection of solvent and the material ratio of reactants are the key of their synthesis. The first method: six monoacetals (monoketals) are synthesized in DMF with reduced pressure. The second method: six monoacetals (monoketals) are synthesized in DMF and cyclohexane which takes water out of the system. The second method is more convenient and easier than the first method. In addition, based on the second method, the best reaction conditions of 5,5-dihydroxymethyl-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxane are studied. The third part is about the synthesis of pentaerythritol hetero diacetals (diketals). The synthesis of these compounds is very little and more difficulty. When pentaerythritol monoacetals (monoketals) react with another aldehyde (ketone) to give hetero diacetals (diketals), the ex