锂离子电池正极材料li2msio4m=fe,mn湿化学合成及性能分析-wet chemical synthesis and performance analysis of cathode material li2 msio4 m = fe, mn for lithium ion batteries.docxVIP
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锂离子电池正极材料li2msio4m=fe,mn湿化学合成及性能分析-wet chemical synthesis and performance analysis of cathode material li2 msio4 m = fe, mn for lithium ion batteries
摘要硅酸盐系Li2MSiO4(M=Fe,Mn)锂离子电池正极材料具有高的理论比容量,被认为是最有发展前景的锂离子电池正极材料之一,但其合成工艺尚不成熟,导电率低,循环稳定性差,限制了其实际应用。本论文针对硅酸盐系正极材料的上述缺点,以Li2FeSiO4、Li2MnSiO4为研究对象,重点研究了材料合成工艺、材料微纳结构、导电相包覆与其电化学性能的关系。具体研究内容及结果如下:采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出了纳米晶Li2FeSiO4/C复合正极材料。结果显示,合成温度在650℃时,Li2FeSiO4纳米粒子聚集成微米尺寸的多孔聚集体,具有最佳的电化学性能,在0.1C倍率下首次放电比容量154.6mAh/g,循环140次后容量为150.1mAh/g,容量保持率达到97.1%;而采用TEOS预水解法对材料合成工艺进行改进,合成的Li2FeSiO4/C复合正极材料循环性能相对较差,但TEOS的预水解缩短了材料合成周期,提升了材料的首次充放电比容量和充放电效率。利用表面活性剂、螯合剂对材料颗粒进行控制,并通过水热辅助处理制备出了Li2MSiO4/C(M=Fe,Mn)纳米粉体。以P123为添加剂得到了颗粒分散性好,晶体发育完全的Li2FeSiO4/C纳米复合材料,该材料表现出良好的倍率循环性能。利用EDTA与Mn2+的螯合机理,设计合成了纯度较高的Li2MnSiO4/C纳米复合材料,材料颗粒分散性好,平均粒径为50nm,在30mA/g电流密度下其首次充电比容量为223mAh/g,第二次充电比容量为310mAh/g,当电流密度为60mA/g时其充电比容量为94mAh/g,循环20次后容量损失仅为14%,材料表现出良好的电化学性能。关键词:Li2FeSiO4、Li2MnSiO4、正极材料、溶胶凝胶ABSTRACTThesilicateLi2MSiO4(M=Fe,Mn)materialshaveattractedmuchattentionduetotheirhighspecificcapacity.However,becauseitisdifficulttosynthesizethepureactivephase,andtheyexhibitapoorelectrochemicalcyclingperformance,hinderingtheirapplication.Inthisstudy,weinvestigatethewet-chemicalsynthesisprocess,inordertocontroltheirmicro-nanostructureandenhancetheirelectrochemicalproperties.TheLi2FeSiO4/Cnanocompositematerialisobtainedbysol-gelmethod.IthasaporousaggregatesstructureatamicroscaleconsistingonLi2FeSiO4nanoparticles.Thedischargecapacityis154.6mAh/ginthefirstcycleand150.1mAh/gafterthe140thcyclesat0.1C,withcapacityretentionnearto97.1%.Inaddition,itwouldresultsinpoorcyclingperformanceswhenpre-hydrolyzingTEOSinthesynthesisprocess.However,thisshortensthesynthesisperiods.Inaddition,thefirstspecificcapacityandefficiencyincreasedduetobetterparticlemorphology.UsingP123asaddictive,thecarboncoatedLi2FeSiO4/Cnanocompositepowderwithgooddispersionisobtainedthoughhydrothermaltreatment,followedbycalinationat650℃.Thismaterialshowsagoodratecycleperformance.AccordingtothechelatingmechanismofEDTAwithMn2+,thewell-crystallinityandpurityofLi2MnSiO4/Cnanocompositematerialsareprepared.Thematerialsexhibitanuniformnanoparticlesize(~50nm).Thefirstandseconddischar
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