两种多溴联苯醚bde-two polybrominated diphenyl ethers bde.docxVIP

单胞藻的 F、G、Sr 以及摄食总生物量都随着胁迫时间的延长和暴露浓度的增加而下降，Si 则呈现不同的曲折性变化；(5) 选食试验中，即使在 PBDEs 的胁迫下， 小球藻仍是褶皱臂尾轮虫最为适宜的饵料；(6) BDE-47 对摄食和选食的影响要大 于 BDE-209；(7) 褶皱臂尾轮虫具有选食性。3、运用生态毒理学的方法研究了两种 PBDEs 分别胁迫 12h、24h 下对褶皱 臂尾轮虫三种消化酶淀粉酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶活性的影响，旨在从生化角度进一 步阐明 PBDEs 对褶皱臂尾轮虫消化过程的影响，同时评估消化酶活性的变化是 否可以作为评估毒性效应的较为有效的参数。结果表明：(1) 随着 PBDEs 浓度 的增大和胁迫时间的延长，褶皱臂尾轮虫消化酶活性受影响程度增大，且呈现“低 促高抑”现象；(2) PBDEs 对三种消化酶活性影响不尽相同，对淀粉酶活性影响最 大，酶活力大小呈现淀粉酶蛋白酶脂肪酶；(3) PBDEs 相同浓度胁迫相同时间 下，摄食的减小程度均大于消化酶，但是消化酶活性仍可以作为指示毒物胁迫的 较为有效的参数。关键词：多溴联苯醚,褶皱臂尾轮虫,摄食,选食,消化酶活性The effects of BDE-47 、 BDE-209 on the feeding behavior with Brachionus plicatilis and the mechanism based on the changes of digestive enzyme activityAbstractA detail literature review of ecotoxicology effects of PBDEs on marine organisms and use of rotifers in ecotoxicology were undertaken, and a series of indoor experiments were conduced to investigate the effects of PBDEs on the lethal effect,feeding and feeding selectivity, digestive enzyme activity with Brachionus plicatilis.The purposes were to observe the changes of two different aspects of the digestion process(ingestion and digestive enzyme activity)under toxic stress,while to evaluate whether ingestion and digestive enzyme activity can be used as sublethal indicators in rapid toxicity tests.The results were summarized as follows:1、Ecotoxicology methods were used to study the acute toxicity of two PBDEswith Brachionus plicatilis.The acute lethality of these toxicants was studies toevaluate the sensitivity of the species and to establish the range of concentrations to be used.The results showed that:(1) DMSO was the best dissolvent tested for BDE-47 and BDE-209;(2) BDE-47 and BDE-209 had not the 24h acute lethal effects on Brachionus plicatilis;(3) BDE-47 and BDE-209 had the 24h acute immobilization effects on Brachionus plicatilis while the 24hEC50 of BDE-47 was larger than BDE-209 which indicated that the toxicity of BDE-47 was larger than BDE-209;(4)The external shape、interior structure and swimming beh