外文-转向系统的优化和分析.docVIP

外文原文: Analysis and Optimisation of Steering Systems Any mode of transportation used by people must have some means of control. For the automobile, two primary control systems are at the drivers disposal: (1) the steering system, and (2) the braking system.When the car needs to change directions, the pilot through turned the steering wheel, steering moment, steering, via steering shaft, horizontal bars and straight bars such as the steering trapezoid arm parts, and to make the day deflection change of direction.For a car to turn smoothly, each wheel must follow a different circle. Since the inside wheel is following a circle with a smaller radius, it is actually making a tighter turn than the outside wheel. If you draw a line perpendicular to each wheel, the lines will intersect at the center point of the turn. The geometry of the steering linkage makes the inside wheel turn more than the outside wheel. Steering behavior The requirements in terms of steering behavior can be summarized as follows: 1. Jolts from irregularities in the road surface must be damped as much as possible during transmission to the steering wheel. However, such damping must not cause the driver to lose contact with the road. 2. The basic design of the steering kinematics must satisfy the Ackermann conditions: the extensions of the wheel axes of the left and right front wheels, when at an angle, intersect on an extension of the rear axle. 3. When the steering wheel is released, the wheels must return automatically to the straight-ahead position and must remain stable in this position. 4. The steering should have as Iow ratio as possible (number of steering-wheel turns from lock to lock) in order to obtain ease of handling. The steering forces involved are determined not only by the steering ratio but also by the front suspension load, the turning circle, the suspension geometry (caster angle, kingpin angle, kingpin offset), the properties of the tire tread and the road surface. The?steeri