磁探测电阻抗成像的若干关键技术分析-analysis of some key technologies in electrical impedance imaging of magnetic detection.docx

激励电极的大小、位置、数量和测量点的位置、数量等测量配置参数会影响磁探测电阻抗成像的质量。首先利用奇异值分析方法对不同测量配置参数进行了 评估和优化，然后利用减少冗余法对每个测量点提供的信息量进行测量和评估， 去掉提高较少信息量的冗余测量点，在减少测量点的情况下几乎不损失有用信 息，从而对测量配置进行了进一步的优化。图像重建实验验证了奇异值分析和减 少冗余法的有效性。结果表明适当地增加激励电极的数量，测量点分布的圆周数 和测量点数目都可以增加有效奇异值个数，另外将激励电极尽量靠近感兴趣区域 也可以增加有效奇异值个数。奇异值分析和减少冗余法是有效地寻找最优测量配 置的方法，为磁探测电阻抗成像实验设计提供了有效而可靠的工具。建立了一套基于数据采集卡的磁探测电阻抗成像数据采集系统，包括恒流激 励源、磁场传感器、后续信号放大和滤波电路、信号采集及控制单元和机械扫描 装置等，并且利用 LabVIEW 设计了基于多测量点的自动数据采集和保存系统。 在此基础上以离散模型、生理盐水模型和琼脂模型为实验对象，采用环形电极和 横向电流加载模式进行了相关实验，验证了磁探测电阻抗成像的可行性，将磁探 测电阻抗成像向前推进了一步。关键词： 磁探测电阻抗成像 正问题 逆问题 测量方式优化ABSTRACTThe body can be considered as a composite volume conductor with comprise tissues with differing electrical properties. The conductivity of biological tissues changes for different tissues, physiological and pathological states about anatomy, physiological processes and pathology to examine human body. The electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is an imaging technique to reconstruct the conductivity distributions of the human body. However, due to the insufficient measured boundary voltage information, the image reconstruction problem of EIT is ill-posed and it can only yield low resolution conductivity images.Magnetic detection electrical impedance tomography (MDEIT) is technically based on injecting an alternating current into the object with surface electrodes. The magnetic flux density measurements recorded with magnetic field sensors around the object are used to reconstruct the conductivity images. Since measurement of the magnetic flux density does not require surface contact, MDEIT have the precise detector positions and can record a greater number of measurements. MDEIT overcomes the shortcomings of EIT and retains its merits. The paper introduces the forward problem, the inverse problem, the optimization of measurement arrangement, and the data acquisition system in MDEIT, which establish the foundation for MDEIT development.This paper describes the forward problem in MDEIT. The forward solver computes voltage and current