4种淫羊藿属植物开花结实现象观测与分析.docVIP

4种淫羊藿属植物开花结实现象观测与分析 　　摘要对淫羊藿属(Epimedium)植物4种106份移植材料的开花结实现象进行了系统观测和分析,记录其开花与结实现象的具体情况。结果表明:淫羊藿属植物移栽成活率高,其开花结实现象可以细分为始花期、盛花期、末花期和结实期4个时期,它们之间存在极显著的相关性;不同种类、同种不同来源的淫羊藿属植物在开花时间上存在一定的差异,但均以3月开花为主,3月中下旬开花的植株结实率高、种子饱满;不同种类淫羊藿属植物的开花期存在着一定的重叠,为淫羊藿属植物的杂交育种创造了条件。 　　关键词淫羊藿属植物;开花;结实 　　中图分类号S282.71文献标识码A文章编号 1007-5739(2009)22-0094-03 　　 　　ObservationandAnalysisofFloweringandFruitingPhenomenoninFourEpimedium 　　WANG Huai-lin 1XING Fu 2TANG Li 2DING Chun-bang 2 * 　　(1 Guangan Vocational and Technical College,Guangan Sichuan 638000; 2 College ofBiology and Science,Sichuan Agricultural University) 　　AbstractThe flowering and fruiting phenomenon of 106 accessions of Epimedium including four species were observed and analyzed systematically. The concrete conditions were recorded. Results showed that Epimedium had high survival rate,and the flowering and fruiting phen-omenon could be divided into initial flowering stage,full flowering stage,last flowering stage and seed setting stage,which had significant relationship. There were differences in the date of the flowering and fruiting phenomenon of Epimedium among different accessions. Most of their florescence were in March,and the high seed-setting rate and plump fruits in the middle and late of March. Furthermore,different species of Epimedium had overlap of florescence,so it could create conditions for the cross breeding among different species. 　　Key wordsEpimedium;flowering;fruiting 　　 　　淫羊藿是小檗科(Berberidaceae)淫羊藿属(Epimedium)植物的统称,全世界约有50种,分布于北非、意大利北部至黑海、西喜马拉雅、中国、朝鲜和日本。我国作为该属的现代地理分布中心[1,2],约有40种,分布于四川、重庆、贵州、湖北、陕西、湖南、甘肃及东北各省区,其中四川是主要分布区,主产地有雅安、乐山、峨眉山、甘孜、阿坝、宜宾、眉山、成都等[3-5]。现代药理研究表明,淫羊藿对于改善心血管系统功能、提高性机能、增强免疫能力、抗骨质疏松和延缓衰老等均表现出生理活性,还具有抑菌抗炎、镇咳祛痰、抗抑郁等作用[6-9]。临床上用于治疗肿瘤、骨质疏松症、类风湿性关节炎、不孕不育、心肌梗死等[10-12]。 　　随着我国现代中药产业化的迅速崛起,国内和国际市场对淫羊藿属植物需求量越来越大,而现在市面上流通的淫羊藿原药材大部分来自野生资源全株挖取。随着野生药材的大量采挖,淫羊藿野生资源逐年减少。另外,淫羊藿属植物主要生长在阴冷潮湿的山沟中,生境比较特殊,且果实成熟后容易自裂,很难把握采收种子时间;种子繁殖发芽率低,在40%左右[13,14]。因此,为使淫羊藿属植物资源得到可持续利用,开展引种栽培研究迫在眉睫。 　　笔者以种植时间相同且性状稳定的淫羊藿属4种106份