2种松材线虫病防治技术综合评价.docVIP

2种松材线虫病防治技术综合评价 　　摘 要：目的：评价枯死树清理、药剂喷粉防治松材线虫病的效果。方法：以1%噻虫啉微胶囊剂、3%噻虫啉粉剂为供试药剂，采用2种防治方法对试验样地连续防治2年，观察1年后和2年后的防治结果，对2种防治方法的防治效果、经济成本、生态效益等方面进行了比较研究。结果：1%噻虫啉微胶囊剂的防治效果为75.48%，3%噻虫啉粉剂的防治效果为72.15%，成本均为900元/hm2，收益投入比分别为1∶0.74和1∶0.73；枯死树清理防治效果为50.31%，成本为2520元/hm2，收益投入比为1∶0.87。结论：药剂喷粉防治效果较好，清理死树作为基本的防治方法具有一定的防治效果。 　　关键词：松木线虫病；防治技术；综合评价 　　中图分类号 S763.7 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2018）09- 0079-03 　　Evaluation of Two Kinds of Pine Wood Disease Control Techniques 　　Xie Liyu et al. 　　（Forest Pest Control Quarantine Station of Meilie District of Sanming City of Fujian Province，Sanming 365000，China） 　　Abstract：Objective： To evaluate the effectiveness of two kinds of control methods which are dead tree cleaning and powder spraying to control pine wood nematode disease.Methods：Such two kinds of control methods were used for continuous prevention and control at the sample plots for two years.The results of prevention and control were observed after one year and two years later by comparing in terms of control effectiveness，economic cost，and ecological benefits.Results：The control effect which 1% thiacloprid microcapsule sprayed was 75.48%，3% thiacloprid powder was 72.15%，the cost was 900 yuan/hm2，and the income ratio was 1：0.74 and 1：0.73 respectively；the dead tree cleaning was 50.31%，which was 2520 yuan/hm2，and the input income ratio was 1：0.87.Conclusion： The prevention and control of powder spraying have better effects，and the dead trees cleaning as a basic control method has a certain control effect. 　　Key words：Pine wood Disease；Control techniques；Comprehensive evaluation 　　松材?虫病（Pine Wilt Disease）又称松树萎蔫病，是松树的一种毁灭性流行病。松材线虫[Bursaphelenchus xylophilus（Pine Wood Nematode）]致病力强，寄主死亡速度快，传播快，且常常猝不及防，一旦发生，治理难度大。松树一旦感染上松材线虫病最快的40d即可枯死，从发病到全林毁灭只需3～5年时间。据不完全统计，中国自1982年发生该病后的10年间，发生面积约达38000hm2，造成松树死亡1400000株以上，损失木材50000m3，用于病害的防治经费亦达645万元，不仅给国民经济造成了巨大损失，也破坏了自然景观及生态环境，对中国丰富的松林资源构成了严重威胁。福建省松材线虫病自2001年首次在厦门市发现以来扩散迅猛，已先后在8个设区市的32个县（市、区）发生[1]，累计发生面积达1.25万hm2，砍伐松林1.33万hm2，清除枯死木100多万株，不仅给林农造成了