便携式X荧光光谱法在土壤常规理化性质预测与发生分类研究中应用.docVIP

便携式X荧光光谱法在土壤常规理化性质预测与发生分类研究中的应用 　　摘 要：土壤常规理化性质预测与土壤发生分类研究目前多采用传统方法测定相关指标，这些方法准确度高，但需要繁杂的样品前处理和室内分析，对样品也具有破坏性。X射线荧光光谱法是一种测定物质元素组成的分析技术，便携式X射线荧光光?V法（PXRF） 因其快速、实时、多元素同步分析等特点，已广泛应用于土壤重金属污染和土壤质量判定等研究。近年来PXRF也被用于土壤常规理化性质预测和发生分类研究，例如土壤pH、总碳与总氮、CEC、机械组成、总盐度、土层及母质区分等。这些研究多采用多元统计方法，建立某土壤常规理化指标传统方法测得数据与PXRF数据的预测模型，均取得了较好的预测结果，说明PXRF可应用于土壤常规理化指标预测与发生分类研究。 　　关键词：便携式X荧光光谱法（PXRF）；土壤近端传感；土壤理化性质；土壤发生；多元统计 　　中图分类号 S152.7 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2017）24-0056-07 　　Abstract：Traditionally，soil physic-chemical and pedogenic properties have been measured using classical methods. These approaches，while accurate，require sample modi?cation and are destructive in soil nature. The X-ray fluorescence is an analytical technique for determination of elemental composition of different materials. Portable X-ray fluorescence （PXRF） spectrometry has been used quite extensively to estimate the degree of soil contamination with heavy metals and to measure the concentration of elements in soils that are important for the soils fertility. More recently，PXRF results have also been used to calibrate for a range of soil chemical and physical properties，such as soil pH，total carbon and total nitrogen，cation exchange capacity，texture，salinity and so on. These studies use the total elemental concentrations to infer a range of soil properties using multivariate statistical models，and shows considerable promise in providing rapid soil physic-chemical properties predictions in soils with reasonable accuracy. Because of the instant computation of weathering indices and elemental ratios，PXRF is also a very effective in-?eld tool to assess pedogenic pathways and parent material origin. We conclude that PXRF can be applied successfully and readily to predict soil physic-chemical properties，study the soils weathering history and identify processes of soil formation. 　　Key words：Portable X-ray ?uorescence spectrometry （PXRF）；Proximal soil sensing；Soil physic-chemical properties；Pedogenesis；Multivariate statistical