泸州烟区2010―2012年烟草大田期主要病害发生规律.docVIP

泸州烟区2010―2012年烟草大田期主要病害发生规律 　　摘要：2010-2012年，采取普查和系统调查的方法，对泸州烟区烟草大田期主要病害种类与发生规律及影响因素进行调查。结果表明，泸州烟区烟草病害发生程度为中度偏轻发生，叶斑类病害以花叶病、赤星病、气候性斑点病为主，根茎类病害以黑胫病、空胫病为主。除烟草赤星病外，发病率与病情指数从高到低依次为2012年、2010年、2011年。与常规年份相比，2012年部分次要病害发生呈上升趋势，气候性斑点病的发病率和病情指数达到19.21%和15.6，烟草空胫病的发病率和病情指数达到17.12%和12.7，极显著高于2010年和2011年。在发生动态规律方面，烟草花叶病发生高峰期在采收中期，年间差异不显著；部分病害发生的时间与极端气候密切相关，在不同年份表现出一定推迟或提前现象，2011年赤星病发生偏早，2012年烟草黑胫病发病偏晚。 　　关键词：泸州烟区；烟草；大田期病害；发生规律；2010-2012年 　　中图分类号：S435.72 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2014）06-1314-04 　　The Occurrence Regularity of the Main Diseases of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Luzhou 　　HE Yu-yong1，GU Yong1，WANG Fei1，XIA Chun1，ZHANG Ming-jin1，LEI Xiao1，MENG Gao-zhong1， 　　NIAN Fu-zhao2，ZHAO Lei-feng2 　　（1. Tobacco Production Management Department of Luzhou Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company， Luzhou 646000，Sichuan，China；2.Tobacco Department of Yunnan Argricultural University， Kunming 650203， China） 　　Abstracts： The main kinds of diseases， occurrence regularity and factors affecting diseases occurrence were analyzed by system investigation and general investigation in Luzhou tobacco area from 2010 to 2012. The results showed that main leaf spot diseases were tobacco mosaic disease， tobacco spot disease and tobacco weather fleck disease. Main root diseases were tobacco black shank disease and tobacco hollow stalk disease. The disease occurrence and indexes from the highest to the lowest were 2012， 2010 and 2011 except for the tobacco brown spot disease. Compared with normal years， some minor diseases had obvious upward trend in 2012. The incidence and disease index in 2012 was significantly higher than that in 2010 and 2011， with tobacco weather fleck disease of 19.21% and 15.6， and tobacco hollow stalk disease of 17.12% and 12.7. In the aspect of dynamic occurrence regularity， the fastigium of tobacco mosaic disease was in the middle recovery period， with no significant difference among different years. The other diseases delayed or occured in advance due to the extreme climate. Tobacco