T91钢焊接性能的研究-材料学专业论文.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 3 摘 要 开发具有良好高温性能和工艺性能的耐热钢，目前己成为超临界、超超 临界锅炉发展的关键。T91钢是近年来专为火电厂超高参数机组研制的锅炉用 新型耐热钢，是世界上发展超临界发电机组的主要候选钢种。目前与国外发 达国家相比，我国在对T91钢研究、生产和使用等方面都有明显差距。 虽然 T91钢化学成分经过调整，高温性能明显提高，但焊接时在高温空冷 下易产生淬硬马氏体组织。与其它钢相比，T91钢焊接性需要改善。本文通过 对T91钢的性能分析、强韧化机理对焊接性的影响、焊缝韧性及其影响因素、 焊接方法对其性能的影响、焊接裂纹的影响因素等几个方面，制订了焊接工 艺试验研究设计方案。 通过正交试验得出 T91钢的最佳焊接工艺：焊接电流 115A，预热温度 /层 间温度 250℃，焊接层数 5，焊后热处理 770℃，在此条件下焊缝可以得到较好 的回火索氏体组织。 焊接工艺参数对焊接接头弯曲强度的影响：不进行热处理，焊接接头的 抗弯强度极差，随着热处理温度的提高，焊缝抗弯强度增加。当焊接电流为 115A 时，焊缝抗弯强度值最大，减小或增加焊 接电流，焊缝韧抗弯强度都 会 下降。焊接层数与预热温度/层间温度的增加，抗弯强度增加。 焊接接头显微硬度与热处理温度、焊 接电流、焊接层数、预热 /层间温度 有着密切的联系。焊接电流 115A，预热温度 /层间温度 250℃，焊接层数 5，焊 后热处理770℃获得了一个较好的焊接效果 由冲击韧性及断口形貌分析，晶粒的大小与热处理温度为主要影响因 素。循环热应力成为材料热疲劳损伤行为中关键的因素。8 号试样在最佳焊接 工艺下具有良好的抗冲击性和抗弯强度性能。 关键词：T91 钢；焊接接头；组织；性能 ABSTRACT At presnet,the developement of heat-resistant steel with good high-temperature performance and process performance has become the key to the development of ultra supercritical boiler.T91/P91 steel is a new steel researched for high parameters boiler unit of thermal powder plants in recent years and it is also the main candidates for super-critical generating units in the world.Compared with developed countries at present, significant gap exists in research,production , useage and other aspects of T91/P91 steel. Although high temperature performance of T91 steel has been improved significantlly after the chemical composition being adjusted, Martensitic structure will form during high temperature air-cooled welding. Welding performance of T91 steel needs to be improved,compared with other steel. Based on the T91 steel performance analysis and study on influence of strenthening and toughening mechanism to welding performance,welding methods to properties,welding cracks and several other factors, this article presents research design of welding technology. Through analysis of T91 steel welding joint,Through experiments, a better weld tempered sorbite organization can form ,under preheating temperature 250 ℃, interpass