《联共(布)党史简明教程》评析——以思想政治教育为视角思想政治教育专业论文.docxVIP

i i 摘 要 《联共（布）党史简明教程》（简称《简明教程》）出版于 1938 年。斯大林取得苏 联党政领导权之后，为了统一全党思想，确立其本人的领袖地位，领导苏联共产党（布 尔什维克）特设委员会，亲自编撰并修改大纲。该书出版后就被指定为官方解释苏联共 产党历史的教科书，此书当时被誉为“马克思主义——列宁主义百科全书”。 该书主要讲述了马克思主义基本原理、联共（布）党史经验、从苏俄到苏联的党的 历史。其重大意义是统一了人们对苏共党史的看法、推动了马克思主义哲学的大众化和 通俗化、加强和改进了苏共党的舆论宣传工作。然而该书歪曲了某些重要历史事实，以 至于对斯大林本人歌功颂德甚至个人崇拜，同时把马克思主义教条化，对苏联党的历史 经验也多有曲解和拔高之处。该书 1939 年在中国出现了 4 种不同的中文译本，延安时 期此书成为中共干部必读书目之一，为中共研究学习苏共党的经验提供了范本。新中国 成立以后，对于开始接受马克思主义的知识分子来说这是一本马列主义的启蒙教材，影 响颇为深远。但此书传入中国后，教条式照搬苏联经验，导致中国共产党的思想工作深 受其影响。研究《简明教程》，给建设社会主义时期开展思想政治教育工作提供了正确 的经验和教训。 本文以马克思主义唯物史观为指导，坚持辩证的、实事求是的分析法，从思想政治 教育的视角来评析《简明教程》，对它的出版背景及其对苏联尤其对中国在思想政治教 育工作上所产生了影响，评析了《简明教程》在思想政治教育工作上取得的成就和存在 的弊端。这对于我们现阶段不断改进思想政治教育方式和方法，对社会主义精神文明建 设有着重要的推动意义。 关键词: 《简明教程》 思想政治教育 影响 iii iii iv iv Abstract Union Communist Party (Bolshevik) A Concise Guide to History published in 1938. After Stalin made the Soviet party and government leadership, in order to unify in thinking and establish his own leadership, the leadership of the communist party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks) Ad Hoc committee, personally compiled and modify the program. The book was published after being designated as the official textbook the communist party of the Soviet Union, since it was published, the book was known as Marxism - Leninism encyclopedia. The book focuses on the basic principles of Marxism Union (Bolshevik) Party experience from the Soviet Union to the Soviet Union and the partys history. The significance of unified views of the people about the history of the Soviet Communist Party, promoted the popularization of Marxist philosophy and popularized to strengthen and improve the work of public opinion and propaganda of the Soviet Communist Party. The book was known as the Marxism - Leninism encyclopedia. However, the book distorts some important historical facts that even Stalin himself singing the praises of the cult of personality, while the Marxism dogma, the partys historical experience of the Soviet union also have more distortion and the high place. The