车载自组织网络中紧急消息广播机制分析-analysis of emergency message broadcasting mechanism in vehicle ad hoc network.docxVIP

华 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 II II Abstract Every year many people lose their lives or get injured on roads and a huge amount of time and fuel are exhausted because of road accidents or traffic jams. That is why one can safely say that broadcasting of Emergency Messages (EM) in the Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) plays a significant role in safety applications, which require immediate broadcasting of EM to the relevant vehicles located in the Risk Zone (RZ) in order to make the vehicles able to change their lanes or slow down to get road accidents and traffic jams reduced effectively. As a result, people, time, and fuel can be saved. In this thesis, we propose an Efficient Emergency Message Broadcasting (EEMB) scheme in VANETs. This scheme aims at avoiding multiple accidents and reducing traffic jams that take place on roads by broadcasting EM to the relevant vehicles located in the RZ as quickly as possible (high speed) and with minimum overhead (low overhead). When an accident takes place on the road, the crashed vehicle will choose the best relayer(s) from its one- hop neighbors and then it generates and broadcasts the EM. The relayer will also choose the best next relayer(s) and rebroadcasts the EM further and so on. This task continues so as to cover the entire RZ by EM. The EEMB scheme handles the overhead caused by beacons exchanging between vehicles through using the prediction method, in which more information adds into beacons. The vehicles can use this information to predict their one- hop neighbor’s location, thus, providing a more accurate localization of vehicle’s neighbors while using beacons exchanging at a lower number. Our proposed scheme also overcomes the network fragmentation problem which is a frequent one in VANETs, especially in the sparse network by using the vehicle s moving on the opposite direction to be chosen as a relayer(s) if there are no vehicles moving in the same direction. And EEMB scheme using of store-carry- forward mechanism