中学地理灾害教育内容与方法研究——以地震灾害教育为例-Research on the Contents and Methods of Geography Disaster Education in Middle Schools —— Taking Earthquake Disaster Education as an Example.docxVIP

摘要 I 摘要 自然灾害是当今人类面临的重大难题之一，研究灾害教育的内容和方法对全 球防灾减灾、人类可持续发展等有重要的现实意义。本文以灾害学、地理学和教 育学为基础，结合我国基础教育新课程改革的理念，通过研究灾害教育本体，得 出灾害教育包含三个层面的内容，即内容层——防灾、减灾、抗灾、灾后恢复； 目标层——灾害教育的知识与技能维度、过程与方法维度、情感态度价值观维度； 操作层——教学策略等。并对照《课程标准》，分析我国初中、高中阶段灾害地 理知识和鲁教版《自然灾害与防治》教材的体系结构特色。 本文以日本、美国、中国台湾等地为例，对部分发达国家和地区教材、课标、 地理课程设置、政策法规等文献研究，总结其灾害教育的经验和特色。并发放问 卷至我国东部、西部的几所中学，调查研究我国灾害教育现状，较为深入剖析我 国灾害教育存在的问题，反思其产生原因。同时，借鉴国外经验，从思想认识、 课程、教材教法、师资、评价方式等层面，初步探讨提高我国灾害教育效益的策 略。最后，本文以《关注汶川地震 感悟生命价值》为案例，实录一节灾害教育 专题课，以期为中学地理灾害教育做参考。希望借此呼吁相关决策部门及教育专 家进一步关注此项研究，唤起更多的中学教育工作者为提高学生的防灾意识做贡 献。 关键词：灾害教育 中学地理 内容与方法 Abstract II Abstract Natural disaster is one of the serious issues we human beings are facing, so to do some research on the method and content about disaster education has quite a lot realistic meaning for taking precautions against natural calamities and sustainable development and etc. Based on the theories of science of disaster, science of geography and science of education, some research has been carried out on the disaster education with the new concept of new curriculum revolution of basic education. So three hierarchies of conclusions have been drawn: content, disaster precaution、disaster reduction、disaster resistance、recovery after disaster；objective, dimension of knowledge and technology of disaster education, dimension of process and method of disaster education, dimension of sense of worth、feeling and attitude of disaster education; operation, teaching tactics etc. Besides, referring to Curricular Standard, it is neatened that the knowledge of disaster education during the stage of voluntary education and regular senior secondary school and analyzes the characteristics of architecture of the teaching material Natural disaster and precaution published by Shandong education press. Taking Japan、US and Taiwan for example, some document research was worked out on teaching material、curricular standard、geographical curriculum provision and policies and regulations of developed countries and regions, then the e