由写作方法谈主旨大意题解法.docVIP

由写作方法谈主旨大意题解法 　　迅速解答阅读理解中的主旨大意题,需要快速了解作者的写作方法,理清文章结构,根据不同情况找到主题句或归纳主旨,从而选出正确答案。作者表现主旨的方式主要有以下五种: 　　 　　一、正三解形写作法 　　 　　即中心主题句出现在文章开头第一、二句。开门见山,提出主题,随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想,即先概述,随后辅以细说、分析。这是英语中最常见的演绎法式写作方式,即由一般到特殊,先提出观点,后举例论证,主题句则出现在段首的写作方法。 　　新闻报道通常就采用这种写法。新闻报道的首句通常称为“新闻导语”,“导语”实际上就是主题句,是对全文内容的高度概括。大意题、标题一般可在第一句话找到答题依据。例: 　　[2009年山东卷D篇]An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to (归因于)the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works. 　　Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up. 　　Professor John Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St Andrews University, said his first-year lectures,which are open to students from all departments,were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250. 　　“There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn’t traditionally done.” He said. 　　University applications rose 7% last year, but there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people’s renewed interest in careers in the pubic sector(部门), which are seen as more secure in economic crisis. 　　A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain. 　　Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said: “It’s possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that’s financially wiser and b