渭河下游河道冲淤平滩流量特征分析.docVIP

渭河下游河道冲淤平滩流量特征分析 　　摘要：渭河下游河道平滩流量大幅度减小，给渭河下游的防洪排涝带来严重威胁。以渭河下游咸阳-临潼河段为研究对象，采用一维恒定水沙动力学模型模拟计算河段在60年内的冲淤变化，并通过基于断面几何标准的WOL方法，辅以过水断面范围及有效河宽的限制来估算断面平滩水位，结合一维恒定水沙动力学模型，估算渭河下游咸阳-潼关河段的平滩流量和平滩水位的变化，以及断面平滩水位、河段平滩水位与水沙系数及淤积量的关系。结果表明，渭河下游河段淤积主要发生在临潼-华县河段，该河段的滩地淤积尤为严重，同时，河段平滩流量逐渐减小。分析可知，此外，采用WOL方法估算的平滩水位与断面或河段的主槽淤积量的相关性较好。 　　关键词：冲淤变化;平滩流量;WOL方法;渭河 　　中图分类号：TV122文献标志码：A文章编号： 　　1672-1683（2015）01-0103-05 　　Analysis of bankfull discharge characteristics in the lower reach of Weihe River 　　HE Li，YAN Yun-xia，YAN Ming，WANG Sui-ji 　　（Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes，Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101，China） 　　Abstract：The decreasing of bankfull discharge in the lower reach of the Weihe River can lead to serious threats to the flood control.The fluvial process in the Xianyang-Lintong section of the lower reach of the Weihe River in 60 years was simulated by the one-dimensional steady water and sediment dynamics model.The method of WOL based on the cross-section geometric standard was adopted to estimate the bankfull elevation in the lower reach of the Weihe River with the help of cross section range and limit of effective river width.The variations of bankfull discharge and bankfull elevation in the Xianyang-Lintong section of the lower reach of the Weihe River were analyzed，and the relationships between the bankfull elevations of the cross section and river section and the sediment coefficient and sedimentation amount were studied.The results showed that sedimentation occurs mainly in the Lintong-Huaxian section，especially in the floodplain，while the bankfull discharge decreases in this section.Moreover，both the bankfull elevations of the cross section and river section have good correlation with the sedimentation amount in the main channel of both sections. 　　Key words：fluvial process;bankfull discharge;WOL method;Weihe River 　　渭河原是一条冲淤平衡或微淤的地下河[1]，自从1960年三门峡水库修建后，渭河下游河道严重淤积，河道排洪输沙能力不断降低，潼关高程（1 000 m3/s流量对应的水位）大幅抬升[2];1974年三门峡水库改为“蓄清排浑”的运行方式，渭河下