镉对水芹幼苗生理指标及叶绿体超微结构影响.docVIP

镉对水芹幼苗生理指标及叶绿体超微结构影响 　　摘 要：在水培条件下，研究不同浓度Cd2+胁迫对水芹幼苗叶绿素含量、叶绿体超微结构、抗氧化系统等生理指标的影响。结果表明，高浓度Cd2+胁迫下，水芹幼苗叶片的叶绿体结构有明显损伤，当Cd2+浓度达到2、5mg?L-1时超微结构显示，膜系统边缘逐渐不清晰，叶绿体空泡体积增大，基质片层、基粒类囊体呈现逐渐压缩减少；当Cd2+浓度达到10mg?L-1时，基粒片层扭曲、变形、松散，基质稀薄。与对照组相比，Cd2+浓度为2、5mg?L-1时，叶绿素总量和叶绿素a含量均显著下降。随着Cd2+浓度逐渐增高，水芹叶片中MDA、H2O2、[O-2?]含量均显著上升，SOD与 Cd2+浓度呈现反比例关系，而POD、CAT活性在整个浓度梯度中均表现为先上升后下降。 　　关键词：镉；水芹幼苗；叶绿体超微结构；抗氧化系统 　　中图分类号 Q945.78 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2015）18-28-04 　　Effects of Cadmium on Physiological Indexes and Ultrastructure in Chloroplast in Cress Seedlings 　　Zhang Jing et al. 　　（Fisheries Research Institute，Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Hefei 230031，China ） 　　Abstract：The effects of different concentrations of Cd2+ on cress seedlings chlorophyll contents，ultrastrucure in chloroplast and antioxidative system were investigated using water culture method.The results indicated that chloroplast structure under high concentration of Cd2+ on cress seedlings have significant damage，membrane of chloroplast became foggy at 2 and 5mg?L-1 Cd2+，chloroplast vacuolated apparently，the slices of basal granule and thylakoids reduced，the slices of basal granule were distorted or even disintegrated，matrix was tenuous 10mg?L-1 Cd2+. Compared with the control，total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a levels significantly decreased at 10 mg?L-1 Cd2+. With increase in the concentration of Cd2+ the levels of MDA、H2O2、O2?- in cress seedlings significantly increased，SOD activity and concentration of Cd2+showed an inverse relationship，however POD and CAT activity increased and then decreased after. 　　Key words：Cadmium；Cress seedling；Ultrastructure in chloroplast；Antioxidative system 　　水芹（Oenanthe stolonifera D.C.）属于伞形科、水芹菜属多年水生宿根草本植物，是水生蔬菜的一种，在我国分布广泛，常分布在河沟水田旁，具有耐寒、喜水、适宜短日照季节生长的特性。自然生长的水芹能够在污水沟渠旁生长并且长势旺盛，表明它有极强吸收N、P的能力，同时很多研究表明水芹对重金属有一定的富集、吸附作用。申华[1]等人对水芹等3种水草对镉污染水体的修复作用试验中得出，在Cd2+10mg/L的高浓度下处理14d后水芹中镉的富集量达到92.98mg/kg，华大春[2]等人对土培水芹不同器官中的镉富集特性作了研究，结果表明低浓度Cd2+对水芹的生物量有一定的促进增长作用。现今相关研究多集中在水芹对重金属镉的富集吸收作用，而镉对水芹的生理毒害特性鲜有报