长尺度下不同基流分割方法在香溪河流域应用比较.docVIP

长尺度下不同基流分割方法在香溪河流域应用比较 　　摘要：随着非点源污染对水环境影响的日益加剧，通过基流分割估算非点源污染负荷的应用日渐广泛，合理的基流分割方法成为影响估算污染负荷的关键。研究根据三峡库区香溪河流域兴山水文站1962―2007年（共计46年）日径流数据，分析滤波平滑最小值法的适用性。结果表明，滤波平滑最小值法不仅在起涨阶段较好地追踪了数字滤波法，而且在衰退阶段较好地追踪了平滑最小值法；滤波平滑最小值法延迟了基流过程线峰值的出现时间，显现出基流比径流汇水时间长这一水文特性；从枯水指数Q90/Q50来看，滤波平滑最小值法与数字滤波法分割结果更相近；相比数字滤波法需要向前―向后―向前3次滤波，滤波平滑最小值法的优势只需要进行一次向前滤波。 　　关键词：非点源污染；基流分割；日径流；滤波平滑最小值法；香溪河流域 　　中图分类号：X52 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2016）03-0569-06 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.03.007 　　Abstract： As the influences of non-point source pollution on water environment grows， the application of base flow separation method on non-point source pollution load estimate is being more widely， and the reasonable base flow separation method has become the key factor. In this study， the applicability of filtered smoothed minima method was analyzed according to the daily runoff data of Xiangxi River Basin，Three Gorges Reservoir Region during 1962 to 2007， from Xingshan hydrological station.The results showed that the filtered smoothed minima method traced the digital filter method during ascension period and the smoothed minima method during decline stage well. In addition， the peaks of base flow sequence in the process were delayed with filtered smoothed minima method， presenting the characteristic of delayed water catchment by base flow than by stream flow.On the other hand， the low-flow index Q90/Q50 was observed to have similar properties between filtered smoothed minima method and digital filter method. Moreover， in the forward direction， filtered smoothed minima method had the advantage of requiring only one pass filtering instead of three （forward?Cbackward?Cforward filtering） in the digital filter method. 　　Key words：non-point source pollution；base flow separation；daily runoff；filtered smoothed minima method；Xiangxi river basin 　　国际上普遍将流域总径流划分为地表径流和基流两部分[1-4]。基流一般指来源于地下水或其他延迟部分的径流或者为下渗水到达地下水面并注入河道的部分[5，6]，是径流过程线中最持续稳定的部分。 　　基流分割的研究一直是水文学、生态水文学研究的重难点问题，解决基流分割问题在水文预测的产汇流模型的模拟、非点源污染评价、区域水资源调查与